中国近现代史研究中的国家构建问题

发布时间：2018-06-07 08:51

本文选题：国家构建 + 公意　；参考：《史林》2016年02期

【摘要】：对于像中国这样国家制度形成较早的地区而言,现代国家构建指的是以国家权力的集中、自主、理性、协调为目标而进行的强化原有的国家机构、创造新的国家机构以及为这些机构提供正当性论证等活动。关于国家构建的研究可以说是介于近现代史研究的现代化范式与革命史范式之间的一种研究方向。现代中国对于国家的理解深受传统公私观念的影响,特别强调国家与"公"的关系。其国家构建的努力无不以公共利益为核心观念,明显区别于以个人权利为核心观念的自由主义理路。为了应付来自国内外的挑战,现代国家一方面需要加强对社会的管控,另一方面需要更有效地汲取社会资源以维持日益庞大的国家机器的运行。警察制度的建设和税收体系的强化是现代中国国家构建的两个重要方面,从这些制度的发展中我们可以看到国家权力不断强化的趋势。研究国家构建的目的,远不止于说明国家强势地位的形成原因和过程,同时应予说明的,还有国家构建与民族认同的演进、个人权利的维护、民族文化的发展以及国际秩序的形成之间的互动关系。
[Abstract]:For areas such as China, such as China, which has been formed earlier, the construction of modern state refers to the strengthening of the original state institutions, the creation of new state institutions and the justification for these institutions. The research on national construction can be said to be the aim of the concentration, autonomy, rationality and coordination of state power. It is a research direction between the modern paradigm of modern history and the paradigm of the history of the revolution. Modern China's understanding of the country is deeply influenced by the traditional public and private concepts, especially the relationship between the state and the "public". The efforts of its national construction are all based on the public interest, which is obviously different from the core concept of individual rights. In order to cope with the challenges from home and abroad, the modern country needs to strengthen the control of the society on the one hand, and on the other hand, it needs to absorb the social resources more effectively in order to maintain the running of the growing national machine. The construction of the police system and the strengthening of the tax system are two important aspects of the construction of modern China, From the development of these systems we can see the trend of the continuous strengthening of state power. The purpose of the study of state construction is far more than to explain the cause and process of the formation of a strong state. It should also be explained, as well as the evolution of national construction and national identity, the maintenance of individual rights, the development of national culture, and the international order. The interaction between formation.
【作者单位】：上海社会科学院历史研究所;
【分类号】：K25

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