拉铁摩尔1937-1944年的在华经历及其影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 19:22

本文选题：抗战时期 + 欧文·拉铁摩尔　；参考：《延安大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：抗战时期,拉铁摩尔主要有三次重要的来华活动。1937年6月21日至6月24日访问延安;1941年7月1日至1942年11月17日为蒋介石的私人政治顾问;1944年6月随华莱士使团访问中国。本文主要就拉铁摩尔在抗战时期的这三次重要的在华活动展开论述,试图从拉铁摩尔来华的原因,在华的活动等方面入手,探讨拉铁摩尔在华活动对中国抗日战争和中美关系带来的深远影响。拉铁摩尔作为美国著名的“中国通”,不仅在中国边疆问题的研究上造诣很深,而且在抗战时期发挥了重要作用。尤其在作蒋介石的政治顾问期间,对国民政府正确认识国际形势、制定正确的外交政策起到重要作用;在华莱士访华活动中成功地劝解蒋介石同意派出美军观察组到延安,对协调中美关系和国共合作一致抗日起到积极作用。学术界对他在抗战中的作用和影响阐述较少,笔者想通过这一问题的研究,使人们对拉铁摩尔有一个全面准确的认识。本文主要围绕三个问题展开研究,具体如下:第一,欧文·拉铁摩尔来华的原因。一方面从拉铁摩尔来华的主观因素方面着手;另一方面从罗斯福派拉铁摩尔来华的几个因素去论述。正是因为拉铁摩尔会汉语,对中国文化的造诣很深,加上他1937年的延安行和对国共统一战线的认同,罗斯福决定派遣他担任蒋介石的政治顾问,希望他帮助蒋介石推进改革,建立与美国的友好关系。第二,阐述欧文·拉铁摩尔在华的活动情况。主要选取他来华的三个重要时间段展开。通过抗日战争时期三次来华活动探究,可以看出拉铁摩尔对中国的了解在不断加深,他在中美关系之间发挥的桥梁作用。第三,探究拉铁摩尔在华经历的深远影响。拉铁摩尔在中国抗日战争中始终以维护中国统一战线为宗旨,充当国共两党的协调人,分析抗战局势,使中国制定正确的抗战方针。拉铁摩尔的中国情结和对中国的研究,奠定了他用中国人的眼光分析国际局势,尤其在作蒋介石的政治顾问期间发挥了重要作用。另外,拉铁摩尔还与华盛顿政府积极磋商有关中国问题,如苏联补给线路问题、中国加入太平洋联防会议等,一定程度上维护了中国在亚洲的权益。他充当了中美之间沟通和联系重要渠道,很好地完成了自己的在华任务。
[Abstract]:During the War of Resistance against Japan, Lattimore mainly had three important activities in China. He visited Yanan from June 21 to June 24, 1937, served as a private political adviser to Jiang Jieshi from July 1, 1941 to November 17, 1942, and visited China with Wallace mission in June 1944. This paper mainly discusses the three important activities of Lattimore in China during the War of Resistance against Japan, and attempts to start with the reasons for Lattimore's coming to China, the activities in China, and so on. This paper discusses the profound influence of Lattimore activities in China on the War of Resistance against Japan and the relationship between China and the United States. As a famous American "China hand", Lattimore not only had deep attainments in the study of China's frontier problems, but also played an important role in the Anti-Japanese War. Especially during his time as a political adviser to the Jiang Jieshi, he played an important role in the National Government's correct understanding of the international situation and in formulating a correct foreign policy. During Wallace's visit to China, he successfully persuaded Jiang Jieshi to agree to send a US military observation team to Yan'an. It will play a positive role in coordinating Sino-American relations and cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China. The academic circles expound little on his role and influence in the War of Resistance against Japan. The author wants to make people have a comprehensive and accurate understanding of Lattimore through the study of this problem. This paper mainly focuses on three issues, as follows: first, the reason why Owen Lattimore came to China. On the one hand, from the subjective factors of Lattimore to China, on the other hand, from Rosforademore's several factors in China to discuss. It is precisely because Lattimore speaks Chinese and has a deep knowledge of Chinese culture, plus his 1937 Yan'an trip and his recognition of the Kuomintang and Communist Party United front, Roosevelt decided to send him to serve as a political adviser to the Jiang Jieshi, hoping that he would help Jiang Jieshi promote reform. Establish friendly relations with the United States. Second, explain the activities of Owen Lattimore in China. It mainly selects three important time periods for his coming to China. Through three trips to China during the War of Resistance against Japan, it can be seen that Lattimore's understanding of China is deepening and his role as a bridge between China and the United States. Third, explore the profound impact of Lattimore experience in China. In China's War of Resistance against Japan, Lattimore always aimed at safeguarding the Chinese United front, acting as the coordinator of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, analyzing the situation of the War of Resistance against Japan, and making China formulate the correct policy of the War of Resistance against Japan. Lattimore's Chinese complex and his study of China have laid the foundation for his analysis of the international situation from the Chinese perspective, especially during his time as a political adviser to Jiang Jieshi. In addition, the Lattimore also actively discussed with the Washington government on China issues, such as the Soviet Union supply routes, China's participation in the Pacific Defense Conference and so on, to a certain extent, to protect China's rights and interests in Asia. He served as an important channel of communication and communication between China and the United States and fulfilled his mission in China.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K265

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