汪伪政权的三民主义论调研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 01:58

本文选题：汪伪政权 + 三民主义　；参考：《华中师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：1938年12月29日汪精卫发表“艳电”向日投降,在图谋建立新政权的过程中,为了确保自己的合法性,汪精卫集团打着三民主义的旗号,为其叛国行为进行辩护。三民主义理论本身的包容性,孙中山逝后国民党各派系为争夺“党统”对三民主义阉割的历史,以及汪精卫集团为了漂白汉奸身份、应对日本的压力与消弭华北伪政权“新民主义”的现实需要,构成了汪伪政权利用三民主义的背景。汪伪在对民族主义进行重新解释时,把孙中山的民族主义放大为“大亚洲主义”,以符合日本的需要。汪伪认为中国的抗战必败,他们对孙中山“民族的基础在求生存”一语进行曲解,投降行为被粉饰成“保全”民族的“义举”,进而通过孙中山的“民族主义就是救国主义”衍伸出“大亚洲主义就是救世界主义”,以此得出“大亚洲主义就是民族主义”,是民族主义在更大范围上的延伸的谬论。汪伪把孙中山的大亚洲主义修改的面目全非,完全成为日本“东亚新秩序”的同义词。在汪记“大亚洲主义”的话语下,“东亚联盟”与助纣为虐的“大东亚战争”被解释成是对孙中山大亚洲主义的实现与践行。在伪国民党“六大”上,汪精卫提出要“实施宪政”,本质上是作为对抗重庆的一种策略。在日本“新体制运动”的影响下,汪伪政权大肆宣扬“中心势力”,提出要以“一个党,一个主义,一个领袖”为中心,鼓吹一党专制与个人集权。孙中山的民权主义被汪伪篡改为法西斯主义；汪伪把“全体主义”的政治观念应用于经济领域,提出要建立“全体主义的计划经济”,实际上是统制经济。他们鼓吹“取长补短”的“中日经济提携”,为其签订的卖国条约粉饰。汪伪政权建立“中央储备银行”,发行新纸币以套取法币,以此来支撑自身的经济需要以及为日本的侵略战争“输血”。汪伪在稳定物价发面颁布了许多条例,物价依然高涨不已。在整顿田赋方面,或者违反条例加征,或者根本没有施行。在“民生”旗帜下的这三项经济政策,其一是为了掩盖掠夺的阴谋,后两者则因汪伪自身的原因实行效果不大。汪伪政权的三民主义,仅仅与“孙中山”这个名字有皮相性的联想关系,是孙中山三民主义被极端工具化的一个典型事例。重庆政府与中共对汪伪盗窃三民主义的行为均予以严厉的批判与揭露。由于政治立场、自身利益与抗战决心的不同,重庆与中共在对真正实现三民主义所应采取的行动上,体现了不同的政治诉求。依托于国民党土壤的重庆政府与汪伪政权在对民权主义的解释上有着本质上相同的主张。
[Abstract]:Wang Jingwei surrendered to Japan on December 29, 1938. In an attempt to establish a new regime, the Wang Jingwei group defended its treason in the name of the "three people's principles" in order to ensure its legitimacy. The inclusiveness of the theory of the three people's principles, the history of the KMT factions castrating the three people's principles for the "Party Unification" after the death of Sun Zhongshan, and the Wang Jingwei group's attempt to bleach the identity of the traitors. To deal with the pressure of Japan and the realistic need to eliminate the "new populism" of the pseudo-regime in North China constitute the background of Wang's pseudo-regime using the "three people's principles". In his reinterpretation of nationalism, Mr Wang magnified Sun Zhongshan's nationalism to "Greater Asianism" to meet Japan's needs. Wang Puppet believed that China's war of resistance was bound to be defeated. They misinterpreted the term "the foundation of the nation's survival" and their capitulation was whitewashed as a "righteous act" of "preserving" the nation. Through Sun Zhongshan's "nationalism is national salvation" extension of "Greater Asianism is to save cosmopolitanism", we can draw a conclusion that "Greater Asianism is nationalism", which is an extension of nationalism in a wider range of fallacies. Wang Puppet transformed Sun Zhongshan's Greater Asianism into a synonym for Japan's "New order of East Asia". Under the words of Wang Ji's "Greater Asianism", the East Asian Union and the "Greater East Asia War", which helped the tyrants, were interpreted as the realization and practice of Sun Zhongshan's Greater Asianism. At the sixth National Congress of the pseudo-Kuomintang, Wang Jingwei proposed to implement constitutionalism, essentially as a strategy against Chongqing. Under the influence of Japan's "new system movement," Wang puppet regime trumpeted the "central force" and proposed that "one party, one doctrine, one leader" should be the center, advocating one-party autocracy and individual centralization of power. Sun Zhongshan's civil rights doctrine was changed into fascism by Wang pseudo, who applied the political concept of "collectivism" to the economic field, and proposed to establish a "collectivist planned economy", which was actually a controlling economy. They preach the "economic support of China and Japan" and whitewash their traitorous treaties. The puppet regime set up the Central Reserve Bank and issued new banknotes to collect legal coins to support its own economic needs and to "transfusion" Japan's war of aggression. Bogus Wang in the issue of price stability issued a number of regulations, prices are still high. In rectifying the land tax, either in violation of regulations, or no implementation at all. Under the banner of "people's livelihood", one of the three economic policies is to cover up the plot of plunder, while the latter two have little effect because of the reasons of Wang Puppet. Wang's pseudo-regime 's three people's principles, which are only associated with the name "Sun Zhongshan", are a typical example of the extreme instrumentalization of Sun Zhongshan's three people's principles. The Chongqing government and the Communist Party of China both severely criticized and exposed Wang Puppet's theft of the three people's principles. Because of the difference of political stand, self-interest and the determination of anti-Japanese war, Chongqing and the Communist Party of China have different political demands on the actions that should be taken to realize the three people's principles. Based on the Kuomintang soil, Chongqing government and Wang pseudo-regime have essentially the same views on the interpretation of civil rights.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K265.65

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