中日甲午战争之平壤战役清军失败的原因及影响探析

发布时间：2018-07-09 10:18

  本文选题：清朝 + 日本　； 参考：《延边大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：平壤战役是中日甲午战争中的一战,是中日甲午战争的重要节点。本文主要通过平壤战役爆发的背景与战争经过两方面来探讨清政府失败的原因及影响。在战争开始之际,清军就没有任命合格的指挥官。而后清政府又在没有深入调查清楚的情况之下就轻信了叶志超,并任命其为指挥官。作为李鸿章的亲信,叶志超奉行其消极防御思想,不主动出击,这给日军进攻提供了机会。起初清军入朝的目的是为了援助朝鲜,平定内乱,所以深受百姓欢迎,但清军松散的军纪却让朝鲜人民深恶痛绝。此外清军还忽视情报搜集,不管是战前还是战争中,都缺乏对敌方的了解。归根到底,清军的失败,是清政府的腐败造成的。相比之下,日军在战前制定了详细的作战计划、搜集了大量的情报、建立了完善的兵站体系,反应出日本军事制度的科学性与完善性,也因此取得了战役的胜利。平壤战役给清、朝、日三国带来了深远影响。清军的失败,使清朝受到了巨大的打击,也加速了原本就岌岌可危的中朝宗藩关系的解体。而后日本的对清观开始发生转变,征服清朝的决心更加坚定,使得这场战争的战火延伸到了清朝境内。平壤战役后清朝的势力从朝鲜退出,日本加紧对朝鲜的全面控制,在此过程中,同沙俄不断争夺在朝鲜的最大利益,加剧了朝鲜国内的动荡与不安。随后日本全面控制朝鲜,使朝鲜开始走向殖民地的深渊当中。
[Abstract]:The Pyongyang campaign was the first World War in the Sino-Japanese War of Japan and the important node of the Sino-Japanese War of Japan. This paper discusses the causes and effects of the failure of Qing government through the background of the outbreak of Pyongyang campaign and the war. At the beginning of the war, the Qing army did not appoint qualified commanders. Then the Qing government trusted Ye Zhichao without a thorough investigation and appointed him commander. As a close confidant of Li Hongzhang, Ye Zhichao pursued his negative defense thought and did not take the initiative to attack, which provided an opportunity for the Japanese offensive. At first, the Qing army came to Korea to help North Korea and calm the civil strife, so it was popular with the people, but the loose discipline of the Qing army made the North Korean people abhorrent. In addition, the Qing army ignored intelligence gathering, both before and during the war, lack of understanding of the enemy. In the final analysis, the failure of the Qing army was caused by the corruption of the Qing government. In contrast, before the war, the Japanese army worked out a detailed operational plan, collected a large amount of information, established a perfect military station system, which reflected the scientific and perfect nature of the Japanese military system, and thus won the battle victory. The Pyongyang campaign brought profound influence to the Qing, North Korea, and Japan three countries. The failure of the Qing army made the Qing Dynasty suffer a great blow, and accelerated the disintegration of the suzerain-vassal relationship between China and Korea. Then Japan's view of the Qing Dynasty began to change, the determination to conquer the Qing Dynasty was more firm, so that the war extended to the Qing Dynasty. After the Pyongyang campaign, the forces of the Qing Dynasty withdrew from North Korea, and Japan tightened its overall control over the DPRK. In the process, it constantly competed with Russia for the best interests in North Korea, which exacerbated the instability and uneasiness in the DPRK. Then Japan took full control of North Korea, which began to colonize the abyss.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K256.3
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本文编号：2109040