民国时期乡村性别比例问题述评——以1920-1930年代华北乡村为中心

发布时间：2018-07-09 19:36

  本文选题：世纪二三十年代 + 华北乡村　； 参考：《人文杂志》2016年12期

【摘要】：20世纪二三十年代,性别比例失衡已经成为中国乡村社会共通性的问题。虽在不同区域和不同年龄阶段呈现相异态势,但其深层的同质性结构和共趋性特征则是相通的。在探讨其深层致因方面,重男轻女、妇女死亡率较高、溺女、出生性别比例、城乡二元结构下的女学勃兴和妇女进城等都成为影响乡村性别比例趋向的重要因素。性别比例失衡导因中,既有历史传统的延续性因素,又受到时代性因素的左右。性别比例失衡引发乡村失婚、婚姻伦理的变异,以及加剧久已存在的早婚、买卖婚姻等诸多社会问题,但也在客观上对改善妇女地位和冲击传统乡村社会结构起到一定作用。民国学界对性别比例失衡以及由此引发的诸多社会问题给予了一定关注,但同时受制于客观历史环境,国民政府在解决此类问题方面的作为乏善可陈。
[Abstract]:In the 20 s and 1930 s, gender imbalance has become a common problem in Chinese rural society. Although there are different trends in different regions and different ages, their deep homogeneity structure and common tendency are similar. In the aspect of its deep cause, preference to boys, high mortality rate of women, female drowning, sex ratio at birth, the flourishing of girls' studies in the dual structure of urban and rural areas and women entering the city are all the important factors that influence the trend of rural sex ratio. The cause of gender imbalance is influenced by historical tradition and times. The imbalance of sex ratio leads to the rural divorce, the variation of marriage ethics, and the aggravation of many social problems, such as early marriage, sale and marriage, etc., but it also plays a certain role in improving the status of women and impacting the traditional rural social structure. The academic circles of the Republic of China paid some attention to the imbalance of gender ratio and many social problems caused by it, but at the same time they were constrained by the objective historical environment, and the National Government has done little to solve this kind of problems.
【作者单位】： 南开大学历史学院;
【分类号】：C913.68;K258
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本文编号：2110440