新中国建立初期东北地区新农具推广运动及实效分析

发布时间：2018-08-06 14:29

【摘要】：新中国建立初期,东北地区的农业生产面临着农业劳动力不足、化肥供给量短缺、农作物优良品种普及率低下等诸多困难。为较快地恢复东北地区农业生产,我国政府对东北地区农业生产技术进行了一系列改革,其中推广使用新式农具是当时我国提高农业生产力的重要措施。围绕着新农具推广运动,我国政府在广大农村建立了以农业技术推广站为核心的农业技术支援与普及网络;实施积极的农业补贴与小额农业金融贷款政策;实现多户贫农共用农业生产资料以改造小农经济等一系列措施,并且随着新农具推广运动的展开有力地推进我国农业生产合作化运动的向前发展。但是,由于建国初期我国工业基础薄弱、缺乏技术经验、农业技术人才严重匮乏等诸多问题,使得新式农具推广工作从一开始就遇到了巨大障碍。最终,新式农具推广运动这一新中国农业技术改良运动的先声并没有达到预期目标。但建国初期开展的新式农具推广运动依然为此后东北地区乃至全国的农业技术改良积累了宝贵经验,为先进农业技术的推广奠定了稳固的基础。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the founding of New China, the agricultural production in Northeast China was faced with many difficulties, such as the shortage of agricultural labor force, the shortage of fertilizer supply, the low popularization rate of fine varieties of crops and so on. In order to restore agricultural production in Northeast China quickly, our government carried out a series of reforms on agricultural production technology in Northeast China, and popularizing and using new agricultural tools was an important measure to improve agricultural productivity in China at that time. Around the new agricultural tools extension movement, our government has established the agricultural technology support and popularization network with the agricultural technology promotion station as the core in the vast rural areas, implemented the active agricultural subsidy and the small agricultural finance loan policy; A series of measures such as the sharing of agricultural means of production by many poor farmers in order to transform the small-scale peasant economy were carried out, and with the development of the new agricultural tools extension movement, the cooperative agricultural production movement of our country developed forward. However, due to the weak industrial foundation, lack of technical experience and serious shortage of agricultural technicians in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the popularization of new-style agricultural tools has encountered great obstacles from the very beginning. In the end, the new agricultural tools extension movement, a new Chinese agricultural technology improvement movement, did not reach the expected goal. However, the new agricultural tools extension movement carried out in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China has accumulated valuable experience for the improvement of agricultural technology in Northeast China and even in the whole country, and has laid a solid foundation for the popularization of advanced agricultural technology.
【作者单位】：海南大学经济与管理学院;
【分类号】：F323.3;K27

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