陕甘边照金革命根据地研究
发布时间：2018-08-17 12:15
【摘要】：19世纪20年代后期和19世纪30年代前期，陕甘边境连年灾荒,当地群众生活极度困难，而统治阶级对人民的压迫和剥削有增无减，社会矛盾日趋激化。贫苦群众迫于现实生活压力纷纷而起，发起吃大户、抗粮抗税的斗争活动，民变、民暴此起彼伏，革命形势愈演愈烈。20年代后期，中国共产党领导的清涧、渭华等地的革命运动，由于敌我实力悬殊等原因相继失败。北方革命形势陷于低潮，刘志丹、谢子长、习仲勋等早期共产党人，在陕甘两省的交界一带，组织带领广大贫苦民众走上井冈山革命道路，从1932年秋开始在照金苏区开展革命活动，，建立了西北地区第一块山区革命根据地——陕甘边照金革命根据地，直到1933年10月，由于国民党军队对照金苏区进行多次强力的“围剿”，导致其暂时的沦陷，使其后来成为陕甘边根据地南区的一个主要区域。 本文以“陕甘边照金革命根据地研究”为题，在对相关历史文献与地方口述史料考察的基础上，梳理了照金革命根据地革命历史全貌。文章分为四个部分：第一部分，在分析照金革命根据地掀起革命活动缘由的基础上，对当时群众开展分粮运动为核心的群众工作予以揭示。第二部分，主要介绍照金地区群众开展的以打土豪、分田地为主的土地革命活动，以停子沟集市贸易为例的经济建设工作。这些活动不仅解决了当地困难群众生活的“燃眉之急”，使照金地区广大人民群众得到了土地这一维持生存的基础，并且对于扩大党在人民群众中的影响力具有重大的作用。第三部分，通过介绍党组织在照金苏区的核心地区薛家寨开展以“修械所”为核心的后勤保障工作，论述其对于支持苏区革命的斗争活动所起到的积极作用。第四部分，介绍了照金革命根据地的党组织能够响应上级组织的指示，积极组建红二十六军和地方军事力量，促进了民主政权的建设。 中国共产党在特定的历史条件下，顺应当时革命形势发展的需要，审时度势带领照金苏区及其周边的群众开展的革命活动，不仅在于解救当地民众于苦难之中，最主要的是给苏区民众灌输参加革命的积极主动意识、集体意识等，以便促使革命的早日胜利。当革命力量发展到一定阶段时，中共领导红二十六军第二团及照金苏区的广大群众进入敌区，一举歼灭了旬邑、淳化等地的敌军势力，从而开辟了以薛家寨为中心，横跨宜君、旬邑、淳化等县边界的照金革命根据地。在创建与发展照金革命根据地的斗争中，进行了一系列建立党的基层组织、建立红色政权、组织武装群众、开展根据地建设的尝试，积累了丰富的经验，培养和锻炼了一批坚强的革命骨干。与此同时，中国共产党通过多种方式宣传党的思想，并为当地群众谋取实际的利益，使党的光辉形象深得民心，进而发动更多的当地群众参加到革命队伍中来，壮大了西北红色武装割据的势力。照金革命根据地不仅为以后进一步开展陕甘边革命斗争创造了坚实的思想基础、干部基础和物质基础，也是土地革命战争时期北方根据地的代表，对陕甘边、陕北乃至西北革命根据地的发展，对于中国革命的贡献都具有一定的历史意义。
[Abstract]:In the late 1920s and the early 1930s, years of famine in the Shaanxi-Gansu border area made life extremely difficult for the local people, while the oppression and exploitation of the people by the ruling class increased and social contradictions intensified. Later in the 1920s, the revolutionary movements led by the Communist Party of China in Qingjian and Weihua failed successively because of the disparity between the strength of the enemy and ourselves. The Jinggangshan revolutionary road began revolutionary activities in the Zhaojin Soviet Area in the autumn of 1932 and established the first revolutionary base in the northwest of China, the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base in the Shanxi-Gansu Border Region. Until October 1933, the Kuomintang army carried out several powerful "encirclement and suppression" campaigns against the Jinshan Soviet Area, which led to its temporary fall and later became Shaanxi. A major area in the southern part of the Gan Bian base area.
Based on the investigation of relevant historical documents and local oral historical materials, this paper combs the revolutionary history of Zhaojin revolutionary base area. The article is divided into four parts: The first part, on the basis of the analysis of the reasons for the revolutionary activities in Zhaojin revolutionary base area, carries out the revolutionary activities to the masses at that time. The second part mainly introduces the agrarian revolutionary activities carried out by the masses in Zhaojin area, which are mainly aimed at breaking down local tyrants and dividing up land, and the economic construction work taking the trade in Tiezigou Fair as an example. The masses of the people have acquired the land which is the basis for their survival and plays an important role in expanding the Party's influence among the masses of the people. The third part discusses the struggle for supporting the revolution in the Soviet Area by introducing the logistical support work carried out by the Party organizations in Xuejiazhai, the core area of the Jin Soviet Area, with the "repair facilities" as the core. The fourth part introduces that the Party organizations in the Jin Revolutionary Base Area can respond to the instructions of their superiors and actively organize the 26th Red Army and local military forces to promote the construction of democratic regimes.
Under specific historical conditions, the Communist Party of China conformed to the needs of the development of the revolutionary situation at that time and led the revolutionary activities carried out in accordance with the situation in and around the Jin Soviet Area. It was not only to save the local people from suffering, but also, most importantly, to instill into the people of the Soviet Area a positive sense of initiative to participate in the revolution and a sense of collective participation in order to promote it. When the revolutionary forces reached a certain stage, the Chinese Communist Party led the Second Regiment of the 26th Red Army and the broad masses of the Zhaojin Soviet Area to enter the enemy area and annihilated the enemy forces in Xunyi and Chunhua at one stroke, thus opening up the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base with Xuejiazhai as the center and across the border of Yijun, Xunyi and Chunhua counties. In the struggle to establish and develop the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base Area, a series of attempts have been made to establish the Party's grassroots organizations, establish a red regime, organize and arm the masses, carry out the construction of the Base Area, accumulate rich experience and train a number of strong revolutionary backbones. And for the local people to seek practical interests, so that the Party's glorious image of the people's hearts, and then mobilize more local people to participate in the revolutionary ranks, and strengthen the Northwest Red Armed Separatist forces. The qualitative basis is also the representative of the northern base areas during the Agrarian Revolutionary War, which has a certain historical significance for the development of the revolutionary base areas in Shaanxi-Gansu border, northern Shaanxi and even northwest China, and for the contribution of the Chinese revolution.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K269.4
本文编号：2187598
[Abstract]:In the late 1920s and the early 1930s, years of famine in the Shaanxi-Gansu border area made life extremely difficult for the local people, while the oppression and exploitation of the people by the ruling class increased and social contradictions intensified. Later in the 1920s, the revolutionary movements led by the Communist Party of China in Qingjian and Weihua failed successively because of the disparity between the strength of the enemy and ourselves. The Jinggangshan revolutionary road began revolutionary activities in the Zhaojin Soviet Area in the autumn of 1932 and established the first revolutionary base in the northwest of China, the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base in the Shanxi-Gansu Border Region. Until October 1933, the Kuomintang army carried out several powerful "encirclement and suppression" campaigns against the Jinshan Soviet Area, which led to its temporary fall and later became Shaanxi. A major area in the southern part of the Gan Bian base area.
Based on the investigation of relevant historical documents and local oral historical materials, this paper combs the revolutionary history of Zhaojin revolutionary base area. The article is divided into four parts: The first part, on the basis of the analysis of the reasons for the revolutionary activities in Zhaojin revolutionary base area, carries out the revolutionary activities to the masses at that time. The second part mainly introduces the agrarian revolutionary activities carried out by the masses in Zhaojin area, which are mainly aimed at breaking down local tyrants and dividing up land, and the economic construction work taking the trade in Tiezigou Fair as an example. The masses of the people have acquired the land which is the basis for their survival and plays an important role in expanding the Party's influence among the masses of the people. The third part discusses the struggle for supporting the revolution in the Soviet Area by introducing the logistical support work carried out by the Party organizations in Xuejiazhai, the core area of the Jin Soviet Area, with the "repair facilities" as the core. The fourth part introduces that the Party organizations in the Jin Revolutionary Base Area can respond to the instructions of their superiors and actively organize the 26th Red Army and local military forces to promote the construction of democratic regimes.
Under specific historical conditions, the Communist Party of China conformed to the needs of the development of the revolutionary situation at that time and led the revolutionary activities carried out in accordance with the situation in and around the Jin Soviet Area. It was not only to save the local people from suffering, but also, most importantly, to instill into the people of the Soviet Area a positive sense of initiative to participate in the revolution and a sense of collective participation in order to promote it. When the revolutionary forces reached a certain stage, the Chinese Communist Party led the Second Regiment of the 26th Red Army and the broad masses of the Zhaojin Soviet Area to enter the enemy area and annihilated the enemy forces in Xunyi and Chunhua at one stroke, thus opening up the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base with Xuejiazhai as the center and across the border of Yijun, Xunyi and Chunhua counties. In the struggle to establish and develop the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base Area, a series of attempts have been made to establish the Party's grassroots organizations, establish a red regime, organize and arm the masses, carry out the construction of the Base Area, accumulate rich experience and train a number of strong revolutionary backbones. And for the local people to seek practical interests, so that the Party's glorious image of the people's hearts, and then mobilize more local people to participate in the revolutionary ranks, and strengthen the Northwest Red Armed Separatist forces. The qualitative basis is also the representative of the northern base areas during the Agrarian Revolutionary War, which has a certain historical significance for the development of the revolutionary base areas in Shaanxi-Gansu border, northern Shaanxi and even northwest China, and for the contribution of the Chinese revolution.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K269.4
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本文编号：2187598
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