伪满洲国柞蚕业研究

发布时间：2018-09-04 20:47

【摘要】：柞蚕原产中国，起源于中国的山东半岛；中国是世界上生产柞蚕茧最多的国家，年产茧量约占世界总产量的90%；东北是中国最大的柞蚕茧产地，年产茧量约占全国柞蚕总产茧量的70%。作为重要的纤维作物，柞蚕及其相关产业也是近代东北农业经济中不可忽视的重要产业，在近代东北经济发展史上占据着重要的地位。东北柞蚕业自伪满成立以后，在伪满初年还能保持战前的水平，但随着日本帝国主义大肆对东北的柞蚕业的掠夺，极大地破坏了东北柞蚕业经济，到伪满末期，东北的柞蚕业已经接近崩溃的边缘。通过对伪满时期东北柞蚕业的研究，不仅可以看出近代东北柞蚕业曲折的发展历程和日本殖民当局的险恶用心，而且有力地批判了所谓的“东北开发论”；但在批判的同时，也应该看到在日伪经济统制之下，东北柞蚕业在产量和加工技术方面也有一定程度的发展。本文围绕伪满时期东北地区柞蚕业的这条主线，较为系统地分析了1932～1945年东北柞蚕业发展的客观状况和发展趋势，对这一时期的柞蚕业发展特点做出了评价，并提出了全面发展东北柞蚕业的几点建议。第一部分首先回顾了东北地区在九一八事变前柞蚕业的状况，并重点论述了伪满初期（1932～1936年）东北柞蚕业的基本态势和发展趋势，，论述了这一时期东北柞蚕业已呈现全面衰退的发展状态，尽管伪满政府进行了柞蚕业调整的政策，但是仅能保持一定的水平。第二部分系统分析了“七·七”事变后（1937～1941年）东北柞蚕业呈现畸形发展的状况，并分析了造成柞蚕业发展畸形化的原因主要是由于日本帝国主义为适应战时的需求而对柞蚕业采取统制政策。第三部分主要论述了太平洋战争爆发后至日本投降前（1942～1945年）东北柞蚕业的发展概况，重点论述了太平洋战争爆发后，日伪为了满足战争需要强制增产柞蚕，并要求柞蚕“出荷”，使广大农民的生活极度困苦，以及柞蚕业逐渐走向衰弱的原因，即日本统制政策的逐步加强所造成的后果。第四部分对伪满时期东北柞蚕业的特征进行了归纳和总结，并对柞蚕业的整体发展情况作出了评价，提出了新时期东北柞蚕业的发展建议。
[Abstract]:Tussah originated in China, originating from the Shandong Peninsula of China; China has the largest production of tussah cocoons in the world, with annual cocoon production accounting for about 90 percent of the world's total output; the Northeast is China's largest tussah cocoon producer. The annual cocoon yield is about 70% of the total cocoon production of tussah silkworm. As an important fiber crop, tussah and its related industries are also important industries which can not be ignored in the modern agricultural economy of Northeast China, and occupy an important position in the history of the economic development of the Northeast in modern times. The northeast tussah industry has been able to maintain its pre-war level since the founding of the puppet Manchuria, but with the Japanese imperialists plundering the northeast tussah industry, the economy of the northeast tussah industry was greatly damaged to the end of the puppet Manchu period. The northeast tussah industry is on the verge of collapse. Through the study of the northeast tussah industry in the period of pseudo-Manchuria, we can not only see the tortuous development course of the northeast tussah industry in modern times and the sinister intentions of the Japanese colonial authorities, but also criticize the so-called "theory of northeast development". It should also be seen that under the control of Japanese and puppet economy, the northeast tussah industry has also developed to a certain extent in terms of production and processing technology. Focusing on the main line of tussah industry in Northeast China during the period of pseudo-Manchuria, this paper systematically analyzes the objective situation and development trend of the development of tussah industry in Northeast China from 1932 to 1945, and evaluates the characteristics of the development of tussah industry in this period. Some suggestions on the development of tussah industry in Northeast China are put forward. The first part reviews the situation of tussah industry in Northeast China before the September 18th incident, and mainly discusses the basic situation and development trend of the northeast tussah industry in the early period of pseudo-Manchuria (1932-1936). This paper discusses the development state of northeast tussah in this period. Although the puppet Manchuria government has carried out the policy of adjusting the tussah industry, it can only maintain a certain level. The second part systematically analyzes the abnormal development of tussah industry in Northeast China after the "Seven Seven" incident (1937 ~ 1941). The reason for the deformity of tussah industry is mainly due to the Japanese imperialism adopting the policy of controlling the tussah industry in order to meet the needs of wartime. The third part mainly discusses the development of tussah industry in Northeast China from the outbreak of the Pacific War to the period before Japan's surrender (1942-1945). After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Japanese puppet has to increase the production of tussah by force in order to meet the need of the war. Moreover, it demands that tussah "leave the load", which makes the life of the peasants extremely difficult, as well as the reason why the tussah industry is gradually weakening, that is, the consequence of the gradual strengthening of the Japanese control policy. The fourth part sums up and summarizes the characteristics of the northeast tussah industry in the pseudo-Manchu period, evaluates the overall development of the tussah industry, and puts forward some suggestions for the development of the northeast tussah industry in the new period.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K26;F326.3

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