上海援摩洛哥医疗队研究（1975-1985）

发布时间：2018-09-05 11:09

【摘要】：中国援外医疗队是我国对外援助的一种重要形式,至今已有48年的历史。48年来,中国医疗队作为中国政府和人民的民间使者,早已享誉世界,为各受援国人民称颂。作为我国派出医疗队最多、最早的地区——非洲,截至2008年底,我国已有约26个省、市、自治区向约48个非洲国家,派遣了1.6万余名医疗队员。1其中,上海援摩洛哥医疗队是我国派出批、次、人数最多,时间最长,接触当地人民最广,收治病人最多的医疗队。自1975年上海援摩洛哥医疗队始派起,至今已有36年历史。本文选取上海援摩洛哥医疗队为考察重点,以各种档案、年鉴、专业志及法规为主要依据,对1975年至1985年期间上海援摩洛哥医疗队的历史及规模进行系统梳理,深入剖析不同历史时期上海援摩洛哥医疗队在组建、培训及管理等具体工作中所面临的挑战与应对措施。最后,在肯定成效的基础上,总结10年来上海援摩洛哥医疗队的成功经验,以期为中国援非医疗队的发展提供一定的参考。论文分为序言、正文、结语三个部分。正文部分分为四章。第一章主要介绍1963-1974年上海援非医疗队的历史背景与规模。20世纪60、70年代,中国面临与美苏两大超级大国交恶的局面,为了打破外交困境,非洲等第三世界国家成为中国对外援助的优先对象。1963年4月,以援阿尔及利亚医疗队的派出为标志,中国拉开了援外医疗队的序幕。1965年起,上海先后派出援索马里、阿尔及利亚、多哥和摩洛哥医疗队。第二章主要论述了上海首批援摩洛哥医疗队员的工作概况。1975年9月,由12人组成的上海首批援摩洛哥医疗队经北京出境,奔赴摩洛哥塞塔特省哈桑二世医院,开始了为期2年的对外医疗援助工作。在设备差、药品缺、人员少的困难条件下,上海首批援摩洛哥医疗队员艰难摸索、积极动脑,凭借精湛的医术与勤奋的工作态度赢得了摩洛哥政府及人民的信任与支持,浇灌了中摩人民友谊之花。第三章主要论述改革开放后上海援摩洛哥医疗队的发展,着重分析20世纪70年代末至80世纪初中国对外援助政策的转变以及上海援摩洛哥医疗队在组建与管理上所面临的诸多问题及其应对措施。第四章主要论述上海援摩洛哥医疗队的成效与经验,揭示中国援外医疗队与中国外交之间的特殊关系。实践证明,上海派遣援摩洛哥医疗队是我国对外经济技术合作的成功范例,它为中摩关系的发展、中国在非洲“软实力”培育发挥了重要作用。在结语中,笔者进一步指出医疗援外在外交领域的特殊价值,分析在新形势下,上海援摩洛哥医疗队所面临的新困境,并对今后的援外医疗队工作提出粗浅建议。
[Abstract]:Chinese medical team for foreign aid is an important form of foreign aid in China, which has a history of 48 years. In the past 48 years, as a folk messenger of the Chinese government and people, the Chinese medical team has long enjoyed a worldwide reputation and been praised by the people of the recipient countries. As China sends the most medical teams, the earliest region-Africa, by the end of 2008, China has about 26 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions sent more than 16000 medical players to about 48 African countries. Shanghai Medical team to Morocco is the medical team sent by our country, with the largest number, longest time, the most extensive contact with the local people and the largest number of patients treated. It has been 36 years since 1975 when the Shanghai Medical team was sent to Morocco. Based on various files, yearbooks, professional records and laws and regulations, this paper systematically combs the history and scale of the medical team from Shanghai to Morocco from 1975 to 1985. The challenges and countermeasures in setting up, training and management of Shanghai Medical team to Morocco in different historical periods are analyzed. Finally, on the basis of positive results, the successful experiences of Shanghai Medical team in Morocco in the past 10 years are summarized in order to provide some reference for the development of China Medical team in Africa. The thesis is divided into three parts: preface, text and conclusion. The text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter mainly introduces the historical background and scale of the Shanghai Medical Assistance team to Africa from 1963-1974. In the 1960s and 1970s, China was confronted with a situation of bad relations with the two major superpowers of the United States and the Soviet Union, in order to break the diplomatic dilemma. Africa and other third world countries have become the priority targets of China's foreign aid. In April 1963, with the dispatch of the Algerian medical team as the symbol, China opened the prologue of the foreign medical team. Since 1965, Shanghai has successively dispatched aid to Somalia. Medical teams in Algeria, Togo and Morocco. The second chapter mainly discusses the work of the first batch of medical aid to Morocco in Shanghai. In September 1975, the first medical team from Shanghai, consisting of 12 people, left China via Beijing and went to Hassan II Hospital in Seitat Province, Morocco. A 2-year foreign medical aid program began. Under the difficult conditions of poor equipment, lack of medicines, and low personnel, the first batch of medical personnel in Shanghai who assisted Morocco's medical personnel groped hard, actively used their brains, and won the trust and support of the Moroccan government and people by virtue of their consummate medical skills and diligent working attitude. The flowers of friendship between the people of China and Mozambique have been watered. The third chapter mainly discusses the development of Shanghai Medical team for Morocco after the reform and opening up. The transformation of China's foreign aid policy from the end of 1970s to the beginning of the 1980s as well as the problems faced by Shanghai medical team in setting up and managing Morocco and its countermeasures are emphatically analyzed. The fourth chapter mainly discusses the effect and experience of Shanghai Medical team to Morocco, and reveals the special relationship between China Foreign Aid Medical team and Chinese diplomacy. Practice has proved that the medical team sent by Shanghai to Morocco is a successful example of China's foreign economic and technological cooperation. It has played an important role in the development of Sino-Moroccan relations and the cultivation of "soft power" in Africa. In the conclusion, the author further points out the special value of medical aid in the diplomatic field, analyzes the new difficulties faced by the medical team of Shanghai medical aid to Morocco under the new situation, and puts forward some suggestions for the future work of the medical team.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K27;R-09

【相似文献】