精琪访华与清末币制改革

发布时间：2018-10-05 13:01

【摘要】：1904年美国货币专家精琪来华帮助清政府进行币制改革,双方表面都以促进中外贸易和投资相标榜,实则各有所图。清政府是要维持中外货币汇率的稳定,解决自19世纪70年代之后因国际银价跌落、金银折算亏累所造成的财政损失。美国则试图借此将中国货币纳入以纽约为中心的美元国际集团,以与长期主宰国际贸易的英镑展开竞争,使美国政府在国际货币体系中扮演领导角色。清政府拒绝精琪货币改革方案的主因在于该方案没有顾及中国主权和利益及相关主客观条件,而不能简单归咎于晚清"货币发行地方化"所代表的地方利益的抵制。精琪没有向外界和美国政府如实、准确传达会谈情况,既出于邀功心理,也因中美文化和语言隔阂所致。
[Abstract]:In 1904, American monetary expert Jing Qi came to China to help the Qing government to carry out currency reform. Both sides ostensibly promoted Chinese and foreign trade and investment. The Qing government wanted to maintain the stability of foreign currency exchange rate and solve the financial loss caused by the fall of international silver price and the loss of gold and silver since the 1870s. The United States is trying to bring the Chinese currency into an international group of dollars centered around New York to compete with sterling, which has long dominated international trade, giving the U.S. government a leading role in the international monetary system. The main reason why the Qing government refused the "Jingqi" currency reform program was that it did not take China's sovereignty, interests and related subjective and objective conditions into account, and could not simply be attributed to the resistance of local interests represented by the localization of currency issuance in the late Qing Dynasty. Jing Qi did not truthfully and accurately convey the talks to the outside world and the US government, both because of the psychology of inviting credit and because of the cultural and linguistic barriers between China and the United States.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院近代史研究所;
【分类号】：K25

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