抗战时期中国“农民节”研究
发布时间:2018-10-09 15:06
【摘要】:农民节,率先在四川省设立,随后于1941年12月由国民政府正式订为全国性节日,并规定了具体的农民节纪念办法。农民节的举办日期存在诸多争议,国民政府也几经变更,最终决定于立春日举行,取其“一年之计在于春”之意,随后意识到各省的具体情况不同,作出了依据自身实际状况进行调整的规定,具有一定的灵活性。国民政府设立农民节,既是本党农业相关宗旨的体现,又是基于解决抗战相持时期面临粮食危机和动员农民阶级力量的考量,更是古代重农风俗的延续。为了扩大节日的影响力,国民政府特意安排人员深入农村进行宣传工作,并开展具体的展览、比赛、娱乐、游艺活动等。农民节设立之后,农民阶级表现出一定的热情,然而,受到当时客观环境、国民政府政治推动和农民自身局限性的影响,农民对其了解并不深入,农民节没有成为全民的节日;政府人员重视此节日,重要机关的负责人亲自主持参观大会,并就农村境况,纷纷发表看法,试图挽救农民和农村。随着抗战的结束,农民节成为他们宣扬国民政府之合法性,打击共产党的工具;农业工作人员投以极大的热情,在各大报刊上发表文章社论,围绕如何发展农业、农会组织存在问题、农民节与其他方面的关系等方面展开讨论,积极探索原因,试图寻找解决办法。除国民政府外,基督教组织、农民党、日伪政权、德国等其他力量也作出设立农民节的尝试。延安革命根据地虽然没有,却在努力解决农民关心的土地问题。从各方对农民节的态度和这一时期粮食总产量增加的具体数据中,可以看出,农民阶级地位之重要,农民问题自始至终是关系国家发展的重要问题。
[Abstract]:The Farmers' Festival was first set up in Sichuan Province and then officially designated as a national holiday by the National Government in December 1941. There were many controversies about the date of the Farmers' Festival, and the National Government changed several times, and finally decided to hold it on the Beginning of Spring's Day, taking the meaning that "spring is the way of the year", and then realized that the specific conditions of the provinces were different. Made according to their own actual conditions to adjust the provisions, have a certain degree of flexibility. The establishment of the Farmers Festival by the National Government is not only the embodiment of the Party's agriculture-related purposes, but also the consideration of solving the grain crisis and mobilizing the peasant class in the period of the War of Resistance against Japan, as well as the continuation of the ancient custom of attaching importance to agriculture. In order to expand the influence of the festival, the National Government specially arranged personnel to go to the countryside to carry out propaganda work, and to carry out specific exhibitions, competitions, entertainment, recreational activities and so on. After the farmers' festival was established, the peasant class showed certain enthusiasm. However, due to the influence of the objective environment, the political push of the national government and the limitations of the peasants themselves, the farmers did not understand the festival deeply, and the festival did not become a national holiday. Government officials attached importance to the festival, leading officials of key agencies personally presided over the conference, and expressed views on the situation in the countryside, trying to save farmers and rural areas. With the end of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Farmers' Day became a tool for them to preach the legitimacy of the national government and to crack down on the Communist Party. With great enthusiasm, agricultural workers published articles and editorials in major newspapers and periodicals, focusing on how to develop agriculture. The problems in the organization of peasant associations, the relationship between farmers' festival and other aspects are discussed in order to explore the causes and seek solutions. In addition to the national government, Christian organizations, the Peasant Democratic Party, the Japanese puppet regime, Germany and other forces also tried to set up the Farmers Day. Although there are no revolutionary base areas in Yan'an, they are trying to solve the land problem that the peasants are concerned about. From the attitudes of all parties to the Farmers' Festival and the specific data of the increase of total grain output in this period, it can be seen that the status of the peasant class is very important, and the peasant problem is an important issue related to the development of the country from the beginning to the end.
【学位授予单位】:河南师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:K265
本文编号:2259784
[Abstract]:The Farmers' Festival was first set up in Sichuan Province and then officially designated as a national holiday by the National Government in December 1941. There were many controversies about the date of the Farmers' Festival, and the National Government changed several times, and finally decided to hold it on the Beginning of Spring's Day, taking the meaning that "spring is the way of the year", and then realized that the specific conditions of the provinces were different. Made according to their own actual conditions to adjust the provisions, have a certain degree of flexibility. The establishment of the Farmers Festival by the National Government is not only the embodiment of the Party's agriculture-related purposes, but also the consideration of solving the grain crisis and mobilizing the peasant class in the period of the War of Resistance against Japan, as well as the continuation of the ancient custom of attaching importance to agriculture. In order to expand the influence of the festival, the National Government specially arranged personnel to go to the countryside to carry out propaganda work, and to carry out specific exhibitions, competitions, entertainment, recreational activities and so on. After the farmers' festival was established, the peasant class showed certain enthusiasm. However, due to the influence of the objective environment, the political push of the national government and the limitations of the peasants themselves, the farmers did not understand the festival deeply, and the festival did not become a national holiday. Government officials attached importance to the festival, leading officials of key agencies personally presided over the conference, and expressed views on the situation in the countryside, trying to save farmers and rural areas. With the end of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Farmers' Day became a tool for them to preach the legitimacy of the national government and to crack down on the Communist Party. With great enthusiasm, agricultural workers published articles and editorials in major newspapers and periodicals, focusing on how to develop agriculture. The problems in the organization of peasant associations, the relationship between farmers' festival and other aspects are discussed in order to explore the causes and seek solutions. In addition to the national government, Christian organizations, the Peasant Democratic Party, the Japanese puppet regime, Germany and other forces also tried to set up the Farmers Day. Although there are no revolutionary base areas in Yan'an, they are trying to solve the land problem that the peasants are concerned about. From the attitudes of all parties to the Farmers' Festival and the specific data of the increase of total grain output in this period, it can be seen that the status of the peasant class is very important, and the peasant problem is an important issue related to the development of the country from the beginning to the end.
【学位授予单位】:河南师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:K265
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前7条
1 李小东;;近代中国“农民节”的渊源与创建[J];内蒙古大学学报(哲学社会科学版);2016年02期
2 陈雷;石上校;;抗战时期国统区粮价上涨原因研究[J];宜宾学院学报;2014年09期
3 王丛丛;;表彰与规训:南京国民政府时期的农民节[J];甘肃社会科学;2013年01期
4 陈惠惠;;国民党对社会时间的利用与制作——民国农民节研究[J];江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版);2009年06期
5 郑宁;;首届农民节在宁夏[J];才智;2009年28期
6 王蓉;;抗战时期湖北省的农民节纪念活动——南京国民政府乡村建设目标的一个视角[J];社科纵横;2006年10期
7 石攀峰;;抗战时期的农民节——以四川为例[J];和田师范专科学校学报;2006年05期
相关重要报纸文章 前1条
1 沈建华;陈兵;曹竹聿;;建议设立“中国农民节”[N];农民日报;2007年
相关硕士学位论文 前3条
1 徐新博;节日的教育功能[D];山东师范大学;2014年
2 陈新征;抗战时期国统区粮食供给研究[D];湘潭大学;2009年
3 陈丹丹;抗战时期国民政府粮食征收述论[D];湘潭大学;2009年
,本文编号:2259784
本文链接:https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/zgjxds/2259784.html