中美烟酒借款及其社会舆论（1916~1921）
发布时间：2018-10-12 12:42
【摘要】：北京政府时期，烟酒业发展迅速，烟酒税上升为民初国家第三大税收。借贷度日的北京政府，在关税、盐税抵押殆尽后，目光转向税收新晋——烟酒税。此外，自袁世凯政府以来，北京政府对外借贷仅限于银行团成员国家。北京政府为了实现借款渠道多元化，，努力向银行团外的国家承借贷款。养精蓄锐多时的美国，积极谋求对华经济借贷。中美双方利益点不谋而合，中美烟酒借款顺势而生。 发生于北京政府时期的中美烟酒借款，主要有三次，分别是1916、1919、1921年三次商议借款活动。围绕这三次中美烟酒借款，国内外不同利益集团表示了不同的立场和态度。中国国内民众以全国烟酒联合会为中心，向中美双方政要声明立场、严正抗议，其中中国民众的社会舆论，与中央政府政策之间的互动关系，尤为突出。随着抵款经验的累积，中国民众的抗议规模、方式、效应等均发生了明显变化。
[Abstract]:During the period of Beijing government, the tobacco and wine industry developed rapidly, and the tax on tobacco and wine increased to the third largest tax in the early Republic of China. Beijing's borrowing government turned to new taxes-tobacco and alcohol-after tariffs and salt taxes ran out. Moreover, since Yuan Shikai's administration, Beijing's foreign lending has been limited to member countries. The Beijing government is trying to diversify its borrowing channels by lending to countries outside the banking syndicate. For a long time, the United States actively sought economic lending to China. The interests of China and the United States coincided with each other, and Chinese and American tobacco and wine loans came into being. There were mainly three times of Chinese and American tobacco and alcohol borrowing in Beijing government period, 1916 ~ 1919 and 1921 respectively. Around these three times, different interest groups at home and abroad have expressed different positions and attitudes. Focusing on the National Tobacco and Liquor Federation, the Chinese people declared their position to the Chinese and American dignitaries. Yan Zheng protested that the interaction between the Chinese people's public opinion and the central government's policies was particularly prominent. With the accumulation of credit experience, the scale, manner and effect of Chinese people's protests have changed significantly.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K261;F426.8;F812.9;F817.12
本文编号：2266149
[Abstract]:During the period of Beijing government, the tobacco and wine industry developed rapidly, and the tax on tobacco and wine increased to the third largest tax in the early Republic of China. Beijing's borrowing government turned to new taxes-tobacco and alcohol-after tariffs and salt taxes ran out. Moreover, since Yuan Shikai's administration, Beijing's foreign lending has been limited to member countries. The Beijing government is trying to diversify its borrowing channels by lending to countries outside the banking syndicate. For a long time, the United States actively sought economic lending to China. The interests of China and the United States coincided with each other, and Chinese and American tobacco and wine loans came into being. There were mainly three times of Chinese and American tobacco and alcohol borrowing in Beijing government period, 1916 ~ 1919 and 1921 respectively. Around these three times, different interest groups at home and abroad have expressed different positions and attitudes. Focusing on the National Tobacco and Liquor Federation, the Chinese people declared their position to the Chinese and American dignitaries. Yan Zheng protested that the interaction between the Chinese people's public opinion and the central government's policies was particularly prominent. With the accumulation of credit experience, the scale, manner and effect of Chinese people's protests have changed significantly.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K261;F426.8;F812.9;F817.12
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本文编号：2266149
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