《救国时报》对外报道研究

发布时间：2018-10-14 15:48

【摘要】：《救国时报》是抗日战争时期中国共产党在海外创办的一张宣传抗日的报纸,也是中国共产党专事对外宣传的第一份报纸。自创刊之日起,它担当起了集体的宣传者和组织者的重任,宣传党的方针政策,成为在海外创办的发行面最广的抗日宣传报刊,也是第一家将“八一宣言”公之于众的中国新闻传播媒介,极大的改善了中国共产党“打哑巴仗”的被动局面。中国人自办的中文报刊出现较晚,而以外国人为传播对象的对外报道则出现更迟。在《救国时报》创刊前,中国国内有组织、成建制的对外报道可以追溯到中国国民党1927年在汉口创刊的《中央日报》,中共历史上的第一个对外报道机构,则是1930年10月在上海建立的。由于军事封锁和技术上的客观原因,直到抗日战争爆发初期,根据地的新闻事业都没有开展直接面向外国的常规报道。在对外报道原则上,中共在战争时期的对外报道方针和政策以维护国家利益为至上原则,紧密围绕“抗日救国”的主题,所刊登的新闻报道和评论处处展示了“为国家而战”的理念,报道范围覆盖全国,在内容的选择上编发最重要、最有国际意义的新闻、重点关注侨胞抗日情况及生活动态、开展国际宣传、积极动员海外华人筹款抗日救国。另外,为了取得较好的传播效果,在报道过程中,《救国时报》的政治性鲜明、时效性强、利用平民化的表达方式等与读者搭建了交流的桥梁,在新闻报道中,见“人情”重“生活”,达到了较好的新闻宣传目的。在内容上具体体现在新闻报道和评论两个方面,报道内容聚焦抗日,表达忧国的情怀,评论上引导民众抗日,能够广纳各方人士的救国言论和来信,对损害中国利益的消息和言论进行有利反击。为缓解办报经费不足的问题,它是当时为数不多刊登商业广告的政党报刊,并积极向各侨胞进行招股、在国内设立代售部,扩大报纸的发行。除此之外,还常常刊登增刊专号,来纪念具有重要意义的新闻事件和历史人物,表现了出色的新闻策划能力。研究和宣传《救国时报》对外报道的成就及经验,对于促进当下的对外新闻传播将起到积极的作用。
[Abstract]:The National Salvation Times was a newspaper founded by the Communist Party of China overseas during the War of Resistance against Japan. Since its founding, it has taken on the responsibility of collective propagandists and organizers, propagated the Party's principles and policies, and became the most widely distributed anti-Japanese propaganda newspaper established overseas. It is also the first Chinese news media to publish the August 1 Declaration, which has greatly improved the passive situation of the Communist Party of China (CPC) fighting mute battles. Chinese-run Chinese newspapers and periodicals appeared late, and foreign reports aimed at foreigners appeared even later. Prior to the founding of the "National Salvation Times," the organized and organized foreign reporting in China can be traced back to the "Central Daily", the first foreign reporting organization in the history of the Communist Party of China, which was founded by the Kuomintang in Hankou in 1927. It was established in Shanghai in October 1930. Due to the military blockade and technical objective reasons, until the beginning of the War of Resistance against Japan, the press in the base areas did not carry out regular reports directly to foreign countries. In terms of the principle of external reporting, the principles and policies of the CPC in the war period regarding safeguarding national interests as the supreme principle closely revolved around the theme of "resisting Japan and saving the nation." The news reports and commentaries published everywhere showed the idea of "fighting for the country." the coverage covered the whole country, and the most important and internationally significant news was compiled and distributed in the selection of content, focusing on the situation of overseas Chinese resisting Japan and life dynamics. To carry out international publicity and actively mobilize overseas Chinese to raise funds to resist Japan and save the country. In addition, in order to achieve better communication results, in the process of reporting, the "National Salvation Times" has a distinctive political character and strong timeliness. It has built a bridge of communication with the readers by means of popularized expression methods. In news reports, See "human feelings" heavy "life", to achieve a better purpose of news publicity. In terms of content, it is concretely reflected in two aspects: news reports and comments. The contents of the reports focus on resistance against Japan, express feelings of concern for the country, guide the public to resist Japan in the comments, and can widely accept the speeches and letters from people from all sides of the country to save the country. China's interests against the damage to the news and comments to carry out a favorable counterattack. In order to alleviate the problem of insufficient funds for running newspapers, it was one of the few political party newspapers and periodicals that published commercial advertisements at that time, and actively offered shares to overseas Chinese, set up agency sales departments in China, and expanded the distribution of newspapers. In addition, supplements are often published to commemorate important news events and historical figures, showing outstanding journalistic planning skills. Researching and propagating the achievements and experiences of the National Salvation Times will play a positive role in promoting the current news dissemination.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G219.29;K265.9

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