民国商办图书馆研究

发布时间：2018-11-08 18:27

【摘要】：民国时期,随着商人群体实力的增强,加上商人自身社会责任感、政府对社会助学的奖励等多方面的原因,商人群体主持或参与了许多图书馆的建设。商人的积极参与弥补了公立图书馆事业的不足,对整个社会的风气之开化、教育之推进发挥了重要作用。本文以民国时期的商办图书馆为研究对象,旨在窥探商人在推动商办图书馆建设中发挥的作用及商办图书馆的运作状况、成效与不足。本文正文共五部分：第一部分,介绍近代商办图书馆的缘起与宗旨。商人创办图书馆的缘起可从内部和外部因素分别论述,从内部看,商人群体经济实力的增强、自身社会责任感、对实业教育、商业教育的需求以及提升商人地位的需要等多种因素,推动了商人的这一行为。从外部看,救亡图存的时代感召、政府的奖励措施、图书馆法令的颁布、各种社会教育思潮的兴盛成为商办图书馆事业兴起的外部动因。另外,通过对商办图书馆的宗旨进行分析,深化对商人参与图书馆事业动机的认识。第二部分,介绍近代商办图书馆的概况,分商会图书馆、其他商人团体附设的图书馆、实业界创办的图书馆、商人个人创办图书馆或参与图书馆建设四个部分进行概略性介绍。第三部分,探讨民国商办图书馆发展过程中的具体问题,首先对经费构成与参与主体进行分析,这是界定商办图书馆的关键因素；其次展开对馆舍与藏书状况的分析以及内部管理制度的探讨,展现商办图书馆的规模与具体经营状况；最后通过研究商办图书馆开展的内部活动与外部社交,了解商办图书馆在自我宣传、徐图壮大、扩大影响方面的努力。第四部分,分析战争给商办图书馆造成的巨大损失和破坏,以及部分商办图书馆在战后谋求恢复的情况,揭示其内在的精神动力。另外,还对商办图书馆的最终归宿进行了介绍。第五部分,总结民国商办图书馆的成效及局限。一些商办图书馆倚重实力商人或商会组织,获得了较多便利,为其自身发展争取到了有利条件；商办图书馆励精图治,惠及了除商人外更广泛的社会群体,为求知者提供了学习的平台,造就了一批人才。但是商办图书馆也面临着经费紧缺的制约、时局混乱战争破坏的困扰等问题,发展举步维艰。
[Abstract]:In the period of the Republic of China, with the strengthening of the strength of the businessmen, the sense of social responsibility of the businessmen themselves, and the reward of the government for the social aid to students, many libraries were built or presided over by the businessmen. The active participation of businessmen makes up for the deficiency of public library, and plays an important role in the development of social atmosphere and education. This article takes the commercial library in the period of the Republic of China as the research object, aims to probe into the role that the businessman plays in promoting the construction of the commercial library, as well as the operation condition, the effect and the insufficiency of the commercial library. This paper consists of five parts: the first part introduces the origin and purpose of modern commercial library. The origin of the establishment of the library can be discussed from the internal and external factors. From the internal point of view, the economic strength of the businessmen, their own sense of social responsibility, industrial education, The demand for business education and the need to promote the status of businessmen, and other factors to promote this behavior. From the external point of view, the times of saving the nation, the incentive measures of the government, the promulgation of the law of library, and the prosperity of various social educational thoughts have become the external reasons for the rise of the business library. In addition, the purpose of commercial library is analyzed to deepen the understanding of businessman's motivation to participate in library business. The second part introduces the general situation of the modern commercial library, including the library of the Chamber of Commerce, the library attached to other merchant groups, the library established by the business circles, the library set up by individual businessmen or participating in the construction of the library. The third part discusses the specific problems in the development of commercial libraries in the Republic of China. Firstly, it analyzes the composition of funds and the participants, which is the key factor to define the commercial libraries. Secondly, the author analyzes the status of library premises and books collection and discusses the internal management system to show the scale and specific management of the commercial library. Finally, through the study of the internal activities and the external social relations of the commercial library, we can understand the efforts of the commercial library in self-propagating, expanding and expanding the influence. The fourth part analyzes the great loss and destruction caused by the war to the commercial library and the situation of some commercial libraries seeking to recover after the war to reveal their inner spiritual power. In addition, the final home of the commercial library is introduced. The fifth part summarizes the effect and limitation of the commercial library in the Republic of China. Some commercial libraries rely on the strength of businessmen or chamber of commerce organizations, gained more convenience, for their own development to gain favorable conditions; Commercial libraries benefit a wider social group except businessmen, provide a platform for learning and bring up a group of talents. However, commercial libraries also face the constraints of funds shortage, confusion, war damage and other problems, development is difficult.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G259.29;K258

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