国立女子师范学院与重庆经济社会发展研究（1940-1950）

发布时间：2018-11-28 21:01

【摘要】：1931年,中国唯一的一所女子高等师范院校——北京女子师范大学并入北京师范大学后,中国就没有专门的女子高等师范教育机构了。抗战爆发后,重庆成为陪都,社会地位得到提升,一时间白沙镇知识分子云集,文化氛围和学术空气浓厚,为初建的女师院师生提供了良好的工作和学习环境。为了发展教育,国民政府决定在重庆兴建女子师范高等教育机构。经过充分的筹备工作,1940年,女师院正式成立于抗战“文化四坝”之一的江津白沙镇。抗战中,重庆因为其特殊的政治、经济地位,成为中华民国陪都。作为抗战的大后方,重庆工商业的迅速发展,加快了重庆本地以及四川地区乃至西南的经济发展。经济的迅速发展,大大加强了重庆与外界的联系,促进了重庆人的思想观念发生重大变革,重庆人开始走出封闭的四川盆地意识。随着科学与民主观念的深入人心,教育界开始接受西方的男女同学观念。近代中国女子学校教育出现并逐渐发展起来。女学院以培养合格的未来教师为目标,力求保证教育教学质量。首任院长谢循出十分重视师资队伍建设,聘请了大批优秀的教师,并采取各项措施吸引人才。女师院的学生来自全国各地,女师院对学生采取一系列的补助活动,以保证学生安心上学。女师院优良的学风和校风给学院所在地带来了清新的文化学术氛围,培养了当地人们尊重知识、尊重人才的良好风气,形成了开拓进取、探索科学精神和广泛择业的健康心态。国立女子师范学院的创立使重庆地区女学之风兴起,现代女性意识大大增强,使重庆地区社会风气日益开化,尤其是对于女性的观念。女性家庭地位和社会地位明显提高,从而掀起了妇女解放的巨大潮流。重庆地区各级各类女子学校也如雨后春笋般的迅速兴起。大中小学校招收女生比例逐渐扩大,使得抗战前后重庆、四川地区女子受教育程度有了较明显的提高。国立女子师范学院的开创与发展促进了中国女性自我意识的觉醒,为近代妇女解放运动做出了突出贡献。她们开始以全新的目光重新审视外面的广阔世界,重新思考自己存在的价值。女权思想己深深地影响着她们生活的每一方面。通过教育她们获得了全新的知识结构。新的价值观念、人生理想影响了女性独立健全人格的培养,提高了她们适应社会和就业的能力,在教育、医疗、文学、艺术等方面涌现出许许多多优秀的女性人才。
[Abstract]:In 1931, after the merger of Beijing Women's normal University, the only women's normal college in China, there was no special institution for women's normal education in China. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, Chongqing became the capital, and its social status was promoted. For a time, the intellectuals gathered in Pesha Town, and the cultural atmosphere and academic atmosphere were strong, which provided a good working and learning environment for the teachers and students of the newly established female Teachers' College. In order to develop education, the National Government decided to build higher education institutions for women teachers in Chongqing. After sufficient preparatory work, in 1940, the Women's Teachers College was formally established in one of the "four cultural dams" of the War of Resistance against Japan, Jiang Jin Baisha Town. In the War of Resistance, Chongqing became the capital of the Republic of China because of its special political and economic status. As the rear area of the War of Resistance against Japan, the rapid development of industry and commerce in Chongqing accelerated the economic development of Chongqing, Sichuan and even southwest China. The rapid development of economy has greatly strengthened the connection between Chongqing and the outside world and promoted the great changes in the people's ideology in Chongqing. The people of Chongqing began to walk out of the closed consciousness of Sichuan Basin. With the popularity of science and democracy, education began to accept the concept of boys and girls in the West. Modern Chinese girls' school education appeared and gradually developed. Women's College aims to train qualified future teachers and strive to ensure the quality of education and teaching. Xie, the first president, attached great importance to the construction of teachers, hired a large number of excellent teachers, and took various measures to attract talents. Women's Teachers College students from all over the country, a series of subsidies to students to ensure that students are safe to attend school. The fine style of study and school spirit of female teachers college bring fresh culture and academic atmosphere to the place of the college, cultivate the good atmosphere that the local people respect knowledge and talents, form the healthy mentality of pioneering and enterprising, exploring the spirit of science and choosing a job widely. The establishment of the National Women's normal College made the trend of women's study in Chongqing area rise, and the consciousness of modern women was greatly strengthened, which made the social atmosphere of Chongqing area more and more civilized, especially the concept of women. The family status and social status of women obviously improved, thus set off a huge trend of women's liberation. Chongqing all kinds of girls' schools at all levels are springing up like bamboo shoots. The proportion of girls enrolled in primary and secondary schools gradually expanded, which made the education level of women in Sichuan area obviously improved before and after the Anti-Japanese War. The creation and development of the National Women's normal College promoted the awakening of Chinese women's self-consciousness and made outstanding contributions to the modern women's liberation movement. They began to re-examine the outside world with a fresh look, rethinking their existence value. Feminist ideas have deeply influenced every aspect of their lives. By educating them, they acquired a completely new structure of knowledge. The new values and ideals of life affect the cultivation of women's independent and sound personality, improve their ability to adapt to society and employment, and bring forth many excellent female talents in education, medical treatment, literature, art and so on.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K265;K266

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