论近代赣东北商品经济的兴衰

发布时间：2018-12-09 20:08

【摘要】：随着明清时期江西经济的发展，赣东北特有的自然资源和突出的区位优势为其带来了巨大的发展机遇，，商品经济在近代区域经济中占有重要的地位。赣东北在近代形成了一系列特色产业，相应的专业市场相继出现，一批工商业重镇得以兴起，金融及劳动力等相关市场亦随之发展，形成了传统与现代杂糅的特点。19世纪中叶赣东北商品经济到达鼎盛，此后其逐渐走向衰落步入艰难的转型期。其衰落造成许多负面影响，致使大量从业人员失业，当地民众生活趋于贫困，市镇不再繁华。衰落的主要原因是“五口通商”、“九江开埠”，全国贸易格局随之发生了根本性的变化。其制约因素主要有厘金、技术、市场、战乱、灾害和从业人员素质等，原有的市场已经丧失，而新市场尚未开辟，近代赣东北商品经济的衰落就成历史定势。这也说明鸦片战争前赣东北商品经济发展是闭关锁国所产生的“不合理”的历史现象。后来的衰落、困局是一种“迟到”、“必然且必要”的“补课”。但由于闭关锁国导致国人对新生事物的茫然和陌生才是赣东北商品经济衰落的内在障碍性因素，这应该是近代中国落后的本质因素。
[Abstract]:With the development of Jiangxi economy in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the unique natural resources and prominent geographical advantages of Northeast Jiangxi brought it a great opportunity for development, and commodity economy played an important role in the modern regional economy. Northeast Jiangxi formed a series of characteristic industries in modern times, corresponding professional markets emerged one after another, a number of industrial and commercial towns rose, and related markets, such as finance and labor force, also developed. In the middle of the 19th century, the commodity economy of Northeast Jiangxi reached its peak, after which it gradually declined and stepped into a difficult transition period. Its decline caused many negative effects, resulting in a large number of employees unemployed, local people living in poverty, the town is no longer prosperous. The main reason of decline is "five ports trade", "Jiujiang port", the national trade pattern has changed fundamentally. The main restrictive factors are Lijin, technology, market, war, disaster and the quality of employees, the original market has been lost, but the new market has not been opened, the decline of commodity economy in Northeast Jiangxi has become a historical pattern. This also shows that before the Opium War, the development of commodity economy in Northeast Jiangxi was an unreasonable historical phenomenon. Later decline, the dilemma is a late, "inevitable and necessary" remedial lessons. " However, it is the inherent obstacle to the decline of commodity economy in Northeast Jiangxi that the blankness and strangeness of the new things caused by the closeness to the outside world is the essential factor of the backwardness of modern China.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F729;K25

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