民初交通部研究（1912-1916）

发布时间：2018-12-27 12:57

【摘要】： 1906年11月6日,清政府批准成立邮传部,管理铁路、轮船、电政、邮政交通四政。使中国历史上出现了第一个正式统一管理全国交通的专职中央行政部门。然而它的成立是对我国交通发展形势的被动因应,严重滞后于需要,致使邮传部在四政管理上存在比较严重的问题。邮传部的所作所为虽然对交通事业的发展起到一定的作用,最终却因推行铁路国有落得个末代王朝殉葬品的可悲结局。民国以后,交通部取代邮传部,在吸取清末邮传部管理经验及教训的基础之上,继续承担着建设和发展交通、邮电事业的重任。不断修正和完善交通部部门官制和各项法规章程,借鉴西方经验,、结合中国传统的管理体制,统一规划和调整各级交通行政的结构布局,进一步完善交通管理机构,加强了对交通事业的领导、管理和监督。同时交通部积极争取与政府其他部门的合作及支持,采取种种发展交通四政的举措,在铁路、航运、邮政、电政事业的发展,促进交通事业近代化方面有着不凡表现,对中国历史的发展进程产生很大的影响。此外交通部还设立和支持了数目繁多的各种研究会、铁路协会等临时机关和社会团体,充分发挥了中央交通行政机构在新式交通事业发展中的主导作用。其所推行的干路国有政策、借债筑路及官营政策一方面极大地推动了民初交通四政的近代化乃至近代中国社会的变迁。另一方面则也存在很多问题,对其应作具体分析、给予实事求是的评价,这对于我们发展今天的交通事业,解决我们交通发展过程中存在的问题,具有积极的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:November 6, 1906, the Qing government approved the establishment of the Ministry of Post, the management of railways, ships, electric administration, postal transport. In the history of China, the first full-time central administration department of unified management of national traffic appeared. However, its establishment is a passive response to the situation of traffic development in our country, which seriously lags behind the need, resulting in serious problems in the management of the four policies of the Ministry of Postal Communications. Although the actions of the Ministry of Postal Communication played a certain role in the development of transportation, it ended up with the tragic end of the last dynasty of sacrifice for funeral goods due to the implementation of the railway. After the Republic of China, the Ministry of Communications took the place of the Ministry of Post and Communications, and continued to undertake the task of building and developing transportation and post and telecommunications on the basis of absorbing the management experience and lessons of the Ministry of Post and Communication in the late Qing Dynasty. Constantly revising and perfecting the official system of the Ministry of Communications and various regulations and regulations, drawing lessons from Western experience, combining with the traditional Chinese management system, unifying planning and adjusting the structure and layout of traffic administration at all levels, and further improving the traffic management organizations. We have strengthened the leadership, management and supervision of the transportation industry. At the same time, the Ministry of Communications has actively sought cooperation and support with other government departments and taken various measures to develop the four policies of transport. It has shown remarkable performance in the development of railway, shipping, postal and electric administration, as well as in promoting the modernization of the transport industry. It has a great influence on the development of Chinese history. In addition, the Ministry of Communications has also set up and supported a large number of research institutes, railway associations and other temporary organs and social organizations, giving full play to the leading role of the central transport administration in the development of new types of transportation. On the one hand, the state-owned policy of the trunk roads, the borrowing of roads and the official policies greatly promoted the modernization of the four policies of transportation in the early Republic of China and even the changes of modern Chinese society. On the other hand, there are many problems, which should be analyzed concretely and evaluated realistically, which has positive significance for us to develop today's transportation industry and solve the existing problems in the course of our traffic development.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F512.9;K258

【相似文献】