民初奉天省水上警察制度研究（1913～1931）

发布时间：2019-01-20 14:04

【摘要】：本文主要以民初奉天省水上警察制度为研究对象，对奉天省水上警察制度确立及其发展完善过程，进行梳理和勾勒，并论述奉天省水上警察制度的组织体系及水上警察的主要工作职责，分析阐述确立水上警察制度的特点及其缺陷。本文共分五个部分进行论述。第一部分，绪论。此部分主要是在总结前人研究成果的基础上，总结出其研究成果的得失，引出本文的研究思路。第二部分，介绍奉天省水上警察制度的创立。清末“新政”，清政府开始在中国编练巡警，引进西方警察制度，并在全国范围推广。近代东北地区随着经济区的开发，东北经济迅速发展，水上运输方式成为主要方式。但是，，水上治安不靖，严重影响航运业的发展，政府为了维持水上治安，在奉天省设置了水上警察机构。奉天省逐步确立了水上警察制度。第三部分，奉天省水上警察制度的主要内容及实际运作。主要论述了奉天省水上警察制度的主要内容，它包括系统化的水上警察组织结构；专门化的水上警察法规；规范化的水上警察选拔培训制度；以“就地抽捐”为主的财政管理制度。而且，政府明确了水上警察的工作职责。第四部分，分析论述了奉天省水上警察制度的特征及其存在的缺陷。奉天省水上警察制度开创了东北地区水上治安专门化管理的新式制度。水上警察制度逐渐迈向法制化、近代化的进程，但是其仍然实施以行政命令为主导的处理方式，忽视法律程序和法律规定，这是水上警察制度的重要缺陷。同时，由于受政治和经济等因素的制约，水上警察制度的创设与实际执行存在差距。第五部分，结语。奉天省水上警察制度的确立及其发展完善经历了三个阶段，奉天省水上警察制度由初建时的不完备，逐步建立起一套系统的组织体系，其组织编制逐步科学化、系统化。水上警察制度不断发展完善，水上警察制度逐步走向了法制化、规范化、系统化的方向，水上警察制度逐步实现近代化。近代水上警察制度的确立也为当地水上警察的发展从组织体系和工作职责两个方面提供了重要的历史借鉴。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly takes the water police system of Fengtian province in the early Republic of China as the research object, combs and outlines the establishment and development process of the water police system in Fengtian province. The paper also discusses the organization system of water police system in Fengtian province and the main work duties of water police, and analyzes the characteristics and defects of establishing water police system. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part, introduction. This part is based on summarizing the previous research results, summarizes the gains and losses of its research results, leads to the research ideas of this paper. The second part introduces the establishment of water police system in Fengtian province. At the end of Qing Dynasty, the Qing government began to train policemen in China, introduce western police system, and popularize it all over the country. With the development of the economic zone in modern times, the economy of Northeast China developed rapidly, and the mode of water transportation became the main way. However, water security is not enough, which seriously affects the development of shipping industry. In order to maintain water security, the government set up water police in Fengtian province. Fengtian Province gradually established the water police system. The third part, the main content and actual operation of water police system in Fengtian province. This paper mainly discusses the main contents of the water police system in Fengtian province, which includes the systematic water police organization structure, the specialized water police laws and regulations, the standardized water police selection and training system. The financial management system, which is based on "drawing donations on the spot". Moreover, the government has defined the job responsibilities of the water police. The fourth part analyzes the characteristics and defects of water police system in Fengtian province. The water police system of Fengtian Province created a new system of specialized management of water security in Northeast China. The water police system is gradually moving towards the process of legalization and modernization, but it still implements the administrative order as the leading way of handling, neglecting the legal procedure and legal provisions, which is an important defect of the water police system. At the same time, due to the political and economic constraints, there is a gap between the establishment of the water police system and the actual implementation. The fifth part, conclusion. The establishment and development of the water police system in Fengtian province has experienced three stages. The water police system of Fengtian province has gradually established a set of systematic organization system from the incomplete at the beginning of its establishment, and its organizational establishment has been gradually scientific and systematic. The water police system has been continuously developed and perfected, the water police system has gradually moved towards the direction of legalization, standardization and systematization, and the water police system has gradually realized modernization. The establishment of modern water police system also provides an important historical reference for the development of local water police from the two aspects of organization system and work responsibility.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K258;K26;D693.65

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