1931-1936年河南省土地整理考察
发布时间：2019-01-24 09:47
【摘要】：1930年10月,河南省政府经再次改组后,在中央政府督促、指导下,河南省政府为进行土地整理,运用近代科学手段在全省各县进行社会调查,获得了比较详实确切的乡村社会情况的数据资料,在此基础上,依照《土地法》及《土地整理办法》之规定,积极在全省范围内进行土地整理。 为进行全省范围内的土地整理,河南省政府首先健全了土地整理的各级组织机构。随后,依据1930年6月份颁发的《土地法》中规定的土地整理程序,民政厅先后制定了河南省土地整理方案、河南省整理土地计划大纲及河南省试办土地清丈实施计划等土地整理具体实施计划。因经费及土地整理人才的限制,决定先在开封前自治区中的中、一、七等三区试办土地清丈。试办工作从1933年9月开始,至1934年7月完成土地清丈,紧接着,在试办区举办土地登记。至抗战爆发,基本上完成了对开封市、郑州市及汜水县、郑县、四乡等地的土地整理。由于土地清丈费时费力,考虑到尽快减轻农民负担及增加地方财政收入的需要,在第二次全国财政会议后,把重点从土地清丈转移到土地陈报上来。河南省土地陈报工作,在陕县试办取得经验后,至1941年8月底,共完成陕县、陈留、太康等38县土地陈报工作。经土地陈报后,承粮面积增加,赋税数目增加,税率普遍降低。由于土地陈报只是一种简易、迫于形势而采取的对策,要彻底解决农村土地问题,还必须得实施土地清丈。根据国民政府颁布的十年全国地籍图测量计划纲要的规定,河南省地政筹备处拟具了全省十年完成土地清丈计划,计划十年内分十期完成对全省的土地整理。 1930年代初的河南省土地整理,取得一定成果,但由于日本的侵华和整个土地整理方案本身存在一定问题,加上经费及人才的限制,还有地方政府中党政府之间的矛盾等因素,使其并没有达到预期的目的。
[Abstract]:In October 1930, after being reorganized, the Henan Provincial Government, under the supervision and guidance of the Central Government, conducted a social investigation in various counties of the province by modern scientific means in order to carry out land consolidation. On the basis of the detailed and accurate data of rural social situation, according to the provisions of the Land Law and the method of Land arrangement, land consolidation is carried out in the whole province. In order to carry out land consolidation throughout the province, the Henan Province government first improved the land consolidation organizations at all levels. Subsequently, in accordance with the land consolidation procedures stipulated in the Land Law issued in June 1930, the Department of Civil Affairs successively formulated a land consolidation plan for Henan Province. Henan Province land consolidation plan outline and Henan Province pilot land cleaning implementation plan and so on land consolidation concrete implementation plan. Due to the limitation of funds and land consolidation personnel, it was decided that the first, seventh and third districts in Kaifeng Autonomous region would have the land cleared on a trial basis. The trial work began in September 1933 and completed in July 1934. Then the land registration was held in the pilot area. To the outbreak of the War of Resistance, basically completed the Kaifeng City, Zhengzhou City and Sishui County, Zheng County, Sixiang and other areas of land consolidation. In view of the need to lighten peasants' burden and increase local fiscal revenue as soon as possible, after the second national financial conference, the emphasis of land clearing was shifted from land clearing to land reporting. By the end of August, 1941, the land report work of 38 counties, such as Shaanxi County, Chen Liu, Taikang and so on, had been completed. After the land report, grain area increased, tax increases, tax rates generally lower. Because the land report is only a simple way to solve the problem of rural land, it is necessary to carry out the land clearing in order to solve the rural land problem. According to the outline of the ten-year national cadastral map survey plan promulgated by the National Government, Henan District Lands preparation Office has drawn up a plan for the completion of the land clearing plan for the whole province in ten years, and the plan is to complete the land consolidation of the province in 10 phases within 10 years. In the early 1930s, land consolidation in Henan Province achieved certain results. However, due to Japan's invasion of China and the entire land consolidation program itself, as well as the limitations of funds and talents, as well as the contradictions between the party and government in local governments, and so on, So that it does not achieve its intended purpose.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K263
本文编号：2414366
[Abstract]:In October 1930, after being reorganized, the Henan Provincial Government, under the supervision and guidance of the Central Government, conducted a social investigation in various counties of the province by modern scientific means in order to carry out land consolidation. On the basis of the detailed and accurate data of rural social situation, according to the provisions of the Land Law and the method of Land arrangement, land consolidation is carried out in the whole province. In order to carry out land consolidation throughout the province, the Henan Province government first improved the land consolidation organizations at all levels. Subsequently, in accordance with the land consolidation procedures stipulated in the Land Law issued in June 1930, the Department of Civil Affairs successively formulated a land consolidation plan for Henan Province. Henan Province land consolidation plan outline and Henan Province pilot land cleaning implementation plan and so on land consolidation concrete implementation plan. Due to the limitation of funds and land consolidation personnel, it was decided that the first, seventh and third districts in Kaifeng Autonomous region would have the land cleared on a trial basis. The trial work began in September 1933 and completed in July 1934. Then the land registration was held in the pilot area. To the outbreak of the War of Resistance, basically completed the Kaifeng City, Zhengzhou City and Sishui County, Zheng County, Sixiang and other areas of land consolidation. In view of the need to lighten peasants' burden and increase local fiscal revenue as soon as possible, after the second national financial conference, the emphasis of land clearing was shifted from land clearing to land reporting. By the end of August, 1941, the land report work of 38 counties, such as Shaanxi County, Chen Liu, Taikang and so on, had been completed. After the land report, grain area increased, tax increases, tax rates generally lower. Because the land report is only a simple way to solve the problem of rural land, it is necessary to carry out the land clearing in order to solve the rural land problem. According to the outline of the ten-year national cadastral map survey plan promulgated by the National Government, Henan District Lands preparation Office has drawn up a plan for the completion of the land clearing plan for the whole province in ten years, and the plan is to complete the land consolidation of the province in 10 phases within 10 years. In the early 1930s, land consolidation in Henan Province achieved certain results. However, due to Japan's invasion of China and the entire land consolidation program itself, as well as the limitations of funds and talents, as well as the contradictions between the party and government in local governments, and so on, So that it does not achieve its intended purpose.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K263
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 孔翠芳;二十世纪二三十年代杭县土地整理评析[D];华东师范大学;2012年
2 崔光良;1927-1937年安徽农村土地整理研究[D];安徽大学;2013年
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