1950年代临汾县农村女模范研究

发布时间：2019-01-28 07:53

【摘要】：新中国成立后,中央政府将评选劳模的做法制度化,全国各地涌现了一批批模范人物。这些模范人物既是普通劳动群众学习的标杆,也是政府和群众之间的纽带和桥梁,他们为经济的恢复和社会发展发挥了重要作用。山西省政府也召开了多次模范评选会议,表彰了大批模范,授予他们劳动模范、积极分子等光荣称号,其中包括了不少农村女模范。本论文通过运用档案资料、地方书籍和田野调查资料,对农村女模范的产生、表彰、生活等方面进行了梳理和总结。第一章从法律法规、地方经济需求、社会宣传和劳模政策四个方面分析了农村女模范产生的时代背景。认为建国后中央政府颁布与实施的法律法规、中苏女英模事迹的宣传以及劳模评选的制度化是女模范产生的外力,临汾县农业经济发展对劳力的需求是女模范产生的根本因素。第二章梳理了1950年代模范评选的标准和评选工作的开展,认为女模范是在政府和群众互动过程中产生的,生产成绩、个人品质和组织能力是评选模范的主要标准,同时,敢于向封建思想习俗作斗争也是妇女模范成长的特殊条件。第三章通过整理1950年代临汾县女模范的基本概况,总结了女模范获得荣誉的时间、担任的职务、政治面貌、家庭背景等方面的特征,认为她们出身贫微,童年就已参加劳动,且因积极响应党的政策而被推选为模范。第四章介绍了农村女模范集体劳动实践、参与的社会活动和婚姻家庭生活。她们在集体劳动和社会活动中运用与推广了先进的种植技术,宣传了党的政策,领导群众积极应对地方灾害。通过对她们婚姻选择和家庭生活的梳理,认为1950年代农村女模范在择偶和居住方面呈现传统与现代并存的状态,夫妻、婆媳关系以相互协作为主。第五章总结了农村女模范的特征和社会影响。她们在社会实践和家庭生活中具有显著的特征,一是具有团结群众、乐于助人、“贤妻良母”等道德品质,二是经常参加会议,参与了各项社会事务。她们通过农业生产和社会活动等方面的实践为改变传统轻视妇女劳动的观念和临汾县的经济和社会建设起到了积极作用。通过上述研究,本文认为,农村女模范通过劳动实践获得了应有的人格尊严,她们在参加劳动实践的过程中逐渐培养了自信心和自身的能力,感受到了劳动的乐趣,但身体的病痛是其最深刻的记忆。
[Abstract]:After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the central government institutionalized the selection of labor models, and a number of model figures emerged all over the country. These model figures are not only the standard for the ordinary working people to learn, but also the link and bridge between the government and the masses. They have played an important role in economic recovery and social development. Shanxi provincial government also held many model selection meetings, praised a large number of models, awarded them model workers, activists and other glorious titles, including many rural women model. Through the use of archival materials, local books and field survey materials, this paper combs and summarizes the generation, recognition, life and other aspects of rural female models. The first chapter analyzes the background of rural female models from four aspects: laws and regulations, local economic needs, social propaganda and labor model policy. It is considered that the laws and regulations promulgated and implemented by the central government after the founding of the people's Republic of China, the propaganda of the deeds of Chinese and Soviet female English models and the institutionalization of the selection of female models are the external forces produced by female models, and the demand for labor for the development of agricultural economy in Linfen County is the fundamental factor for the generation of female models. The second chapter combs the criteria of model selection in the 1950s and the development of the evaluation work. It is concluded that female role models are produced in the process of interaction between the government and the masses, and that the main criteria for the evaluation of models are achievements in production, personal quality and organizational ability. Daring to struggle against feudal ideology and customs is also a special condition for women's exemplary growth. The third chapter summarizes the characteristics of female role models in Linfen County in the 1950s in terms of their time of being honored, their positions of office, their political features, their family background, and so on. He was elected as a model for responding positively to the Party's policies. Chapter four introduces rural female model collective labor practice, social activities and marriage and family life. They have applied and popularized advanced planting techniques in collective labor and social activities, propagated the Party's policies, and led the masses to actively deal with local disasters. By combing their choice of marriage and family life, it is concluded that in 1950s, the rural female model had a traditional and modern coexistence in choosing and living for a spouse, and the relationship between husband and wife, mother-in-law and daughter-in-law was mainly based on mutual cooperation. Chapter five summarizes the characteristics and social influence of rural female models. They have remarkable characteristics in social practice and family life. First, they have the moral qualities of uniting the masses, helping others, and "having good wives and good mothers". The other is that they often attend conferences and participate in all kinds of social affairs. Through the practice of agricultural production and social activities, they have played a positive role in changing the traditional concept of despising women's labor and the economic and social construction of Linfen County. Through the above research, this paper holds that the rural female model has acquired due human dignity through the labor practice, and they have gradually cultivated their self-confidence and their own ability in the process of participating in the labor practice, and have felt the joy of labor. But physical pain is its deepest memory.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K27

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