华中抗日根据地的灾荒救济研究
发布时间：2019-03-08 12:22
【摘要】：在中国,素有“无灾不成年”之说,华中抗日根据地是近代中国灾荒最为严重的区域之一。抗战爆发后,面对人祸天灾,中国共产党把救济灾民、扶助贫弱作为施政的重要内容。华中抗日根据地各民主政府根据中共中央精神制定出适合各地实情的具体行动纲领,一方面加强救灾组织工作,初步形成了一套较完善的灾荒救济体制;另一方面,确立以群众生产自救为主,以政府救济为辅的基本政策,在灾害发生时和灾后,充分调动政府、社会、个人诸方面的力量,有序的开展了急赈救灾、生产救灾、积极防灾等各项救济工作,救灾民于水火。 华中抗日根据地政府开展的各项救济工作,有力地救助了广大灾民,为广大灾民战胜灾难提供物质救助和政策引导。但鉴于抗战时期的实际,政府救济只能居于辅助地位,形式各异的民间互助共济使千千万万的黎民布衣得以救济,弥补了政府救济事业的不足,对于提高社会的公共道德、公民意识和维护社会秩序都发挥了积极作用。 华中抗日根据地卓有成效的政府救济和民间互济工作,体现的是民生主义的深刻内涵,显示了强大的社会功能,基本解决了广大灾民群众的最基本的温饱问题,改善了人民生活,为生产的恢复和发展奠定了坚实的基础;在根据地形成了良好的社会风气;提高了共产党、新四军的威望,增强了广大人民群众对中国共产党的向心力。华中抗日根据地的灾荒救济工作,取得的最伟大的成效就是中国共产党及其方针政策得到了广大人民的信任与支持,广大人民群众因此成为革命斗争不竭的力量之源。
[Abstract]:In China, the anti-Japanese base area of Central China is one of the most serious areas in modern China. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, in the face of man-made disasters, the Communist Party of China took the relief of the victims and helping the poor as an important part of the administration. In accordance with the spirit of the CPC Central Committee, the democratic governments in the Central China Anti-Japanese Base have formulated specific action programmes suitable for the local situation. On the one hand, they have strengthened the work of disaster relief organizations and initially formed a set of relatively perfect relief systems for famine. On the other hand, the basic policy of giving priority to the masses' self-help through production, supplemented by government relief, was established to fully mobilize the forces of the government, society and individuals at the time of and after the disaster, and to carry out emergency relief and production relief in an orderly manner. Active disaster prevention and other relief work, disaster relief in the water and fire. The relief work carried out by the government of the Central China Anti-Japanese Base area has effectively helped the victims and provided material assistance and policy guidance for the victims to overcome the disaster. However, in view of the reality of the Anti-Japanese War, the government relief can only be in the auxiliary position. The various forms of folk mutual assistance have enabled tens of thousands of Li Min Buyi to be rescued, which has made up for the deficiency of the government relief cause and improved the public morality of the society. Civic awareness and the maintenance of social order have played a positive role. The fruitful work of government relief and folk mutual aid in the Central China Anti-Japanese Base area embodies the profound connotation of popular animism, shows a strong social function, and basically solves the most basic problem of food and clothing for the masses of victims. Improved people's lives and laid a solid foundation for the recovery and development of production; It has formed a good social atmosphere in the base areas, enhanced the prestige of the Communist Party and the New fourth Army, and strengthened the general masses' concentric force towards the Communist Party of China. The greatest effect of the famine relief work in the anti-Japanese base area of Central China is that the Communist Party of China and its principles and policies have gained the trust and support of the broad masses of the people, so the masses of the people have become the source of inexhaustible strength in the revolutionary struggle.
【学位授予单位】：安徽师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K265
本文编号：2436802
[Abstract]:In China, the anti-Japanese base area of Central China is one of the most serious areas in modern China. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, in the face of man-made disasters, the Communist Party of China took the relief of the victims and helping the poor as an important part of the administration. In accordance with the spirit of the CPC Central Committee, the democratic governments in the Central China Anti-Japanese Base have formulated specific action programmes suitable for the local situation. On the one hand, they have strengthened the work of disaster relief organizations and initially formed a set of relatively perfect relief systems for famine. On the other hand, the basic policy of giving priority to the masses' self-help through production, supplemented by government relief, was established to fully mobilize the forces of the government, society and individuals at the time of and after the disaster, and to carry out emergency relief and production relief in an orderly manner. Active disaster prevention and other relief work, disaster relief in the water and fire. The relief work carried out by the government of the Central China Anti-Japanese Base area has effectively helped the victims and provided material assistance and policy guidance for the victims to overcome the disaster. However, in view of the reality of the Anti-Japanese War, the government relief can only be in the auxiliary position. The various forms of folk mutual assistance have enabled tens of thousands of Li Min Buyi to be rescued, which has made up for the deficiency of the government relief cause and improved the public morality of the society. Civic awareness and the maintenance of social order have played a positive role. The fruitful work of government relief and folk mutual aid in the Central China Anti-Japanese Base area embodies the profound connotation of popular animism, shows a strong social function, and basically solves the most basic problem of food and clothing for the masses of victims. Improved people's lives and laid a solid foundation for the recovery and development of production; It has formed a good social atmosphere in the base areas, enhanced the prestige of the Communist Party and the New fourth Army, and strengthened the general masses' concentric force towards the Communist Party of China. The greatest effect of the famine relief work in the anti-Japanese base area of Central China is that the Communist Party of China and its principles and policies have gained the trust and support of the broad masses of the people, so the masses of the people have become the source of inexhaustible strength in the revolutionary struggle.
【学位授予单位】：安徽师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K265
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