维新志士王照的“自首”问题

发布时间：2019-03-23 16:15

【摘要】：光绪三十年(1904)三月王照向清廷的"自首"并非一般意义上的投案,其中的内情也不能完全依据其自述来解释。现存台北故宫的清代档案为还原历史真相提供了原始依据;当时津、沪等地的报刊,特别是《大公报》对案件的连续报道,体现出舆论对王照的声援和同情,为今人分析事件原委提供了丰富的参考。研究表明,王照流亡日本期间与犬养毅的一次笔谈,揭露了康、梁伪造密诏的内幕,其中夹杂着革命、保皇两派斗争的政治因素,而笔谈的传播,客观上澄清了光绪帝参与"围园密谋"的冤情,在朝野各界产生了广泛共鸣,使王照庚子年回国隐居及后来主动投案成为可能。重建史实,梳理王照"自首"问题,有助于重新认识这位维新志士在晚清史上非同寻常的历史地位。
[Abstract]:Guang Xu's "surrender" by Wang Zhao to the Qing court in March (1904) is not a surrender in a general sense, nor can the inside information be explained on the basis of his self-report. The archives of the existing Taipei Forbidden City in the Qing Dynasty provide the original basis for restoring the historical truth. At that time, newspapers and periodicals in Tianjin, Shanghai and other places, especially the Great Bulletin, reported the cases continuously, reflecting the solidarity and sympathy of the public opinion towards Wang Zhao, and providing abundant references for the present people to analyze the original cause of the incident. Research shows that Wang Zhao's written talks with Dog Yangyi during his exile in Japan revealed the inside story of Kang and Liang's forgery of secret edict, which was intermingled with the political factors of the struggle between the revolutionary and imperial factions, and the spread of written talk. It objectively clarifies the grievance of Emperor Guangxu's participation in the "plot of the Garden", which resonated widely in all walks of life in the government and opposition, and made it possible for Wang Zhaogeng to return to live in seclusion and later voluntarily surrender to the case. To rebuild the historical facts and to sort out Wang Zhao's "surrender" is helpful to re-understand the extraordinary historical status of the reformist in the late Qing Dynasty.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院近代史研究所;
【分类号】：K257

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