二十世纪二三十年代中国“农工立国”之争的现代意义的探讨

发布时间：2019-04-27 06:57

【摘要】：我国在二十世纪二三十年代产生了一次围绕“以农立国”还是“以工立国”的旷日持久的争论,然可惜的是它并没有在现今的社会史、工业史、科学史研究中赢得学者们的青睐。此次争论是西方文化、及近代科学技术大规模传入中国后,工业文明对农业文明造成冲击下的产物,其主要分为三派,即以农立国、以工立国、和农工并重派,当中富含极具现代价值的理论。主张以农立国或以工立国的学者或对现代化认识不足,或认识不到农业的重要性,不过也有些学者主张农工并重,认为农业和工业之间有着紧密的联系。此外,梁漱溟的乡村建设理论和漆琪生的农村经济结构改革理论,这些都对当前因工业化占主导地位,导致贫富差距扩大、城乡发展失衡的中国有着深远的指导意义。本文意在通过清晰的认识到,工业主导情况下的农业和工业的紧密关系、新农村建设要求下的土地制度改革的紧迫性、农村劳动力转移困难情形下的基础教育发展的重要性、以及农村经济增长缓慢情况下的管理制度改革的必要性,实现城乡统筹发展,中国可持续发展的目的。
[Abstract]:In the twenties and thirties of the 20th century, China produced a long-standing debate about whether to build a country with agriculture or a country with work. Unfortunately, it has not been in the history of society or industry today. The study of the history of science has won the favor of scholars. This debate is the product of the impact of industrial civilization on agricultural civilization after the introduction of western culture and modern science and technology into China on a large scale. It is mainly divided into three groups, that is, the establishment of a country by agriculture, the establishment of a country by workers, and the equal reorientation of agriculture and industry. It is rich in theories of great modern value. Scholars who advocate the establishment of a country based on agriculture or a state based on work either have insufficient knowledge of modernization or fail to recognize the importance of agriculture. However, some scholars hold that agriculture and industry are of equal importance, and that there is a close link between agriculture and industry. In addition, Liang Shuming's theory of rural construction and Qi-sheng's theory of rural economic structure reform have far-reaching guiding significance for China, which is dominated by industrialization, leading to widening gap between rich and poor, and unbalanced development between urban and rural areas. The purpose of this paper is to understand clearly the close relationship between agriculture and industry under the condition of industry leading, the urgency of land system reform under the requirements of new rural construction, and the importance of the development of basic education under the situation of difficult transfer of rural labor force. And the necessity of the reform of the management system under the condition of the slow growth of the rural economy to realize the overall development of urban and rural areas and the purpose of China's sustainable development.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K258

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