1929-1941年天津英租界市政管理研究
发布时间：2019-05-10 01:46
【摘要】：近代中国,饱经忧患,历尽屈辱,租界就是资本主义列强侵华的产物,对中国近代的政治、经济和社会都产生了很重要的影响。历史与现实有紧密的联系,历史事件对现今的影响是不能忽视的。现在我国正在进行社会主义现代化建设,是不能忘记历史的。天津租界的存在几乎伴随了近代天津城市成长的全部,因此我们若想研究或者了解近代天津的历史,天津租界是一个不能回避的问题。 研究天津租界是有现实意义的,现阶段我国正在进行改革开放,天津租界的研究可以使我们以更广的眼光看待今天的改革、开放,提供些必要的有益的历史借鉴。同时天津租界的研究有其学术意义,天津租界的研究有待深入,这方面的研究相对薄弱,这一不足限制了租界研究的视野,因而本文通过分析天津英租界市政管理的官方和非官方机构,在清晰了这段历史的同时,还可以使我们准确地把握天津英租界市政管理的体制,进而了解官方和非官方机构在市政管理中的作用及相互关系。 1860年12月17日,清政府正式批准设立天津英租界。1919年英租界合并实行统一的市政管理,制定了统一的市政管理章程——驻津英国工部局1918年章程。1928年4月11日召开了天津英租界第十次选举人常年大会,在会上董事长提议修改驻津英国工部局1918年章程,经表决通过,1929年开始实行。修改后的章程可称为驻津英国工部局1928年修正章程,该章程确立了新的英租界管理模式,此后基本上英租界是依据该章程确立的模式进行市政管理的,一直到1941年太平洋战争爆发后日本接管英租界。因此本文考察的时间范围是1929—1941年。 本文从整体上分为四章。第一章主要考察了天津英租界市政管理机构的形成,从英租界的形成和市政管理机构的形成两个方面进行论述。第二章主要分析了天津英租界的立法机构和行政机构,立法机构也就是英租界的权力机构,是选举人大会,有两种形式即选举人常年大会和选举人特别大会,行政机构主要分析了董事会和工部局。第三章主要围绕天津英租界市政管理中的非官方组织展开论述,从两个方面来分析,一是中国纳税人公会,一是保管团,两者积极参与租界市政管理,一定程度上维护了租界居民的权益,使英租界的市政制度具有民主色彩。第四章分析了天津英租界各机构在市政管理中的作用及相互关系。官方机构和非政府机构之间存在着协商合作关系,也有冲突和摩擦。在结语部分,从总体上进行了一下梳理,一方面英租界的市政管理体制体现了分权,具有自治性和民主性,在实际运作中也发挥了积极作用,另一方面英租界的民主制度设计也有需要完善的地方,自治和民主的程度是有限的。
[Abstract]:In modern China, suffering and humiliating, concession is the product of capitalist powers invading China, which has a very important influence on the politics, economy and society of modern China. There is a close relationship between history and reality, and the influence of historical events on the present can not be ignored. At present, our country is carrying on the socialist modernization drive, must not forget the history. The existence of Tianjin concession is almost accompanied by the growth of modern Tianjin city, so if we want to study or understand the history of modern Tianjin, Tianjin concession is an unavoidable problem. It is of practical significance to study Tianjin concession. At present, China is carrying out reform and opening up. The study of Tianjin concession can make us look at today's reform and opening up from a broader perspective, and provide some necessary and useful historical reference. At the same time, the study of Tianjin concession has its academic significance, the research of Tianjin concession needs to be deepened, and the research in this area is relatively weak, which limits the field of vision of concession research. Therefore, by analyzing the official and unofficial organizations of Tianjin British concession municipal management, this paper not only clarifies this period of history, but also enables us to accurately grasp the system of Tianjin British concession municipal management. Then understand the role and relationship between official and unofficial organizations in municipal management. On December 17, 1860, the Qing government formally approved the establishment of the Tianjin British concession. In 1919, the British concession was merged to implement unified municipal management. On April 11, 1928, the 10th Annual General meeting of electors in the British concession of Tianjin was held, at which the chairman of the chairman proposed to amend the 1918 statute of the British Ministry of Industry in Tianjin. It was approved by a vote and came into effect in 1929. The revised charter can be called the amended charter of the British Ministry of Industry in Tianjin in 1928, which established a new British concession management model, and since then basically the British concession has been managed in accordance with the model established by the charter. It was not until the outbreak of the Pacific War in 1941 that Japan took over the British concession. Therefore, the time range of this paper is 1929-1941. This paper is divided into four chapters as a whole. The first chapter mainly investigates the formation of Tianjin British concession municipal management organization, from two aspects: the formation of British concession and the formation of municipal management organization. The second chapter mainly analyzes the legislative and executive organs of the British concession in Tianjin. The legislature, that is, the authority of the British concession, is the General Assembly of the electors, which has two forms, namely, the General Assembly of the electors and the Special Assembly of the electors. The administrative body mainly analyzes the board of directors and the bureau of the Ministry of Industry. The third chapter mainly focuses on the unofficial organizations in the municipal management of the British concession in Tianjin, and analyzes them from two aspects: one is the Chinese taxpayer association, the other is the depositary group, which actively participates in the municipal management of the concession. To a certain extent, it protects the rights and interests of the tenants and makes the municipal system of the British concession democratic. The fourth chapter analyzes the role and relationship of Tianjin British concession institutions in municipal management. There is a relationship of consultation and cooperation between official and non-governmental agencies, as well as conflicts and frictions. In the conclusion part, it combs on the whole. On the one hand, the municipal management system of the British concession embodies the decentralization, autonomy and democracy, and also plays an active role in the actual operation. On the other hand, the democratic system design of British concession also needs to be improved, and the degree of autonomy and democracy is limited.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D693.6;K26
本文编号：2473255
[Abstract]:In modern China, suffering and humiliating, concession is the product of capitalist powers invading China, which has a very important influence on the politics, economy and society of modern China. There is a close relationship between history and reality, and the influence of historical events on the present can not be ignored. At present, our country is carrying on the socialist modernization drive, must not forget the history. The existence of Tianjin concession is almost accompanied by the growth of modern Tianjin city, so if we want to study or understand the history of modern Tianjin, Tianjin concession is an unavoidable problem. It is of practical significance to study Tianjin concession. At present, China is carrying out reform and opening up. The study of Tianjin concession can make us look at today's reform and opening up from a broader perspective, and provide some necessary and useful historical reference. At the same time, the study of Tianjin concession has its academic significance, the research of Tianjin concession needs to be deepened, and the research in this area is relatively weak, which limits the field of vision of concession research. Therefore, by analyzing the official and unofficial organizations of Tianjin British concession municipal management, this paper not only clarifies this period of history, but also enables us to accurately grasp the system of Tianjin British concession municipal management. Then understand the role and relationship between official and unofficial organizations in municipal management. On December 17, 1860, the Qing government formally approved the establishment of the Tianjin British concession. In 1919, the British concession was merged to implement unified municipal management. On April 11, 1928, the 10th Annual General meeting of electors in the British concession of Tianjin was held, at which the chairman of the chairman proposed to amend the 1918 statute of the British Ministry of Industry in Tianjin. It was approved by a vote and came into effect in 1929. The revised charter can be called the amended charter of the British Ministry of Industry in Tianjin in 1928, which established a new British concession management model, and since then basically the British concession has been managed in accordance with the model established by the charter. It was not until the outbreak of the Pacific War in 1941 that Japan took over the British concession. Therefore, the time range of this paper is 1929-1941. This paper is divided into four chapters as a whole. The first chapter mainly investigates the formation of Tianjin British concession municipal management organization, from two aspects: the formation of British concession and the formation of municipal management organization. The second chapter mainly analyzes the legislative and executive organs of the British concession in Tianjin. The legislature, that is, the authority of the British concession, is the General Assembly of the electors, which has two forms, namely, the General Assembly of the electors and the Special Assembly of the electors. The administrative body mainly analyzes the board of directors and the bureau of the Ministry of Industry. The third chapter mainly focuses on the unofficial organizations in the municipal management of the British concession in Tianjin, and analyzes them from two aspects: one is the Chinese taxpayer association, the other is the depositary group, which actively participates in the municipal management of the concession. To a certain extent, it protects the rights and interests of the tenants and makes the municipal system of the British concession democratic. The fourth chapter analyzes the role and relationship of Tianjin British concession institutions in municipal management. There is a relationship of consultation and cooperation between official and non-governmental agencies, as well as conflicts and frictions. In the conclusion part, it combs on the whole. On the one hand, the municipal management system of the British concession embodies the decentralization, autonomy and democracy, and also plays an active role in the actual operation. On the other hand, the democratic system design of British concession also needs to be improved, and the degree of autonomy and democracy is limited.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D693.6;K26
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 朱婷;近代上海租界政体制度与城市经济发展[J];上海经济研究;2004年11期
2 刘海岩;;租界、社会变革与近代天津城市空间的演变[J];天津师范大学学报(社会科学版);2006年03期
3 戴鞍钢;租界与晚清上海农村[J];学术月刊;2002年05期
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