中共在新解放区的粮食征收以镇江专区为中心的考察（1949-1950）
发布时间：2019-06-19 05:51
【摘要】：国家依据政权合法的强制力,向农民征粮缴税,本是历史上国家与农民之间互动的焦点,亦是常事,然在特殊历史时段(如战争、救荒年间)国家于产粮大区加大对粮税的汲取力度,也往往容易引起民众的抵制与反抗。历史进入20世纪中叶,在中国大陆新旧交替之际,国家政权也面临了同样的历史场景。在本文中,笔者以镇江专区为例,力图还原中共政权于新解放区获得粮税、以确保供应军需民食与调控国内粮价的政治动员过程。 本文认为,此时中共于镇江农村的一系列政治与经济活动,始终是以粮税征收为工作核心。通过春借与夏征中的具体政策调整与部署,中共开始逐步扭转了早期征粮工作的不利局面,但是,此时在夏征中出现的民众抗粮事件,让镇江地委意识到有专门组织力量打击乡村的不合作者、进而保障后期更为艰巨的征粮任务进展的必要,反霸斗争正是在这样的背景下被提出与发动的。然而,在各县委的具体执行中,反霸斗争并没有取得预想的效果,不久即被搁置,但秋征中暴露出群众不愿缴粮、尾欠严重等问题,似已无法用惯常的征粮手段解决,故地委考虑故技重施,寓经济目的于政治任务,反霸斗争又被重新提上议程。而在秋征结束之后发起的减租运动,让我们有理由怀疑秋征任务完成的有限,减租运动实为又一次向业主要粮的过程,从这个意义上说,减租运动可以被视为秋征的继续。
[Abstract]:According to the legitimate coercive force of the political power, the state levies grain taxes on farmers, which is the focus of interaction between the state and farmers in history, and it is also common. However, in special historical periods (such as war, famine relief years), it is often easy for countries to increase the absorption of grain taxes in grain production areas, which is often easy to cause resistance and resistance of the people. History entered the middle of the 20 th century, and the state regime faced the same historical scene at the turn of the new and the old in mainland China. In this paper, taking Zhenjiang District as an example, the author tries to restore the political mobilization process of the CPC regime to obtain grain tax in the newly liberated areas in order to ensure the supply of military supplies and the regulation and control of domestic grain prices. This paper holds that the collection of grain tax has always been the core of a series of political and economic activities of the Communist Party of China in Zhenjiang countryside at this time. Through the adjustment and deployment of specific policies in the Spring loan and Summer March, the Communist Party of China began to gradually reverse the unfavorable situation of the early grain collection. However, the people's anti-grain incident in the Summer March made the Zhenjiang prefectural Commission realize the need for special organizational forces to crack down on the non-partners in the countryside, thus ensuring the progress of the more arduous task of grain collection in the later period. The struggle against hegemony was put forward and launched under this background. However, in the concrete implementation of the county party committees, the struggle against hegemony did not achieve the desired results, and was soon shelved. However, the problems such as the masses' reluctance to pay grain and serious arrears in the autumn march seemed unable to be solved by the usual means of grain collection. Therefore, the prefectural party committee considered the old skills and put the economic purpose in the political task, and the struggle against hegemony was put on the agenda again. The rent reduction campaign launched after the end of the Autumn March gives us reason to doubt that the completion of the Autumn March task is limited. The rent reduction campaign is yet another process of asking the owners for food. In this sense, the rent reduction campaign can be regarded as a continuation of the Autumn March.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K27;F326.11
本文编号：2502144
[Abstract]:According to the legitimate coercive force of the political power, the state levies grain taxes on farmers, which is the focus of interaction between the state and farmers in history, and it is also common. However, in special historical periods (such as war, famine relief years), it is often easy for countries to increase the absorption of grain taxes in grain production areas, which is often easy to cause resistance and resistance of the people. History entered the middle of the 20 th century, and the state regime faced the same historical scene at the turn of the new and the old in mainland China. In this paper, taking Zhenjiang District as an example, the author tries to restore the political mobilization process of the CPC regime to obtain grain tax in the newly liberated areas in order to ensure the supply of military supplies and the regulation and control of domestic grain prices. This paper holds that the collection of grain tax has always been the core of a series of political and economic activities of the Communist Party of China in Zhenjiang countryside at this time. Through the adjustment and deployment of specific policies in the Spring loan and Summer March, the Communist Party of China began to gradually reverse the unfavorable situation of the early grain collection. However, the people's anti-grain incident in the Summer March made the Zhenjiang prefectural Commission realize the need for special organizational forces to crack down on the non-partners in the countryside, thus ensuring the progress of the more arduous task of grain collection in the later period. The struggle against hegemony was put forward and launched under this background. However, in the concrete implementation of the county party committees, the struggle against hegemony did not achieve the desired results, and was soon shelved. However, the problems such as the masses' reluctance to pay grain and serious arrears in the autumn march seemed unable to be solved by the usual means of grain collection. Therefore, the prefectural party committee considered the old skills and put the economic purpose in the political task, and the struggle against hegemony was put on the agenda again. The rent reduction campaign launched after the end of the Autumn March gives us reason to doubt that the completion of the Autumn March task is limited. The rent reduction campaign is yet another process of asking the owners for food. In this sense, the rent reduction campaign can be regarded as a continuation of the Autumn March.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K27;F326.11
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 李里峰;;华北“土改”运动中的贫农团[J];福建论坛(人文社会科学版);2006年09期
2 黄正林;;地权、佃权、民众动员与减租运动——以陕甘宁边区减租减息运动为中心[J];抗日战争研究;2010年02期
3 曹树基;;两种“田面田”与浙江的“二五减租”[J];历史研究;2007年02期
，本文编号：2502144
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/zgjxds/2502144.html
