第一次大革命时期平江公农运动述评

发布时间：2019-06-21 10:41

【摘要】：工农运动在中国革命史上有重要的意义。第一次大革命时期全国形成了一次工农运动的大高潮,尤以湖南、湖北、广东等地最为突出。湖南的工农运动在全国是首屈一指的,而平江轰轰烈烈的工农运动又是湖南工农运动史上浓墨重彩的一笔。本文以第一次大革命时期平江工农运动为考察对象,对其产生的背景、发展进程、特点及产生历史影响和局限性进行了论述。本文主要分为五个部分：第一部分主要阐述了大革命时期平江工农运动兴起的背景。地主豪绅的封建剥削以及帝国主义的侵略使得平江地区经济凋敝,人民生活困难,加上连绵不绝的战争和频频发生的自然灾害使得社会更加动荡不安。可谓是“人穷地薄、天灾人祸、兵匪交加”。此时,无产阶级的发展壮大以及湖南工农运动的兴起的大环境为平江工农运动的发展提供了阶级基础和客观条件。第二部分主要对大革命时期平江工农运动的发展进行阶段性探析。这一部分主要分为五个阶段。第一阶段主要论述平江有组织的工农运动的萌芽。从“五四”运动到1923年平江党支部的建立是平江有组织的工农运动开始萌芽的阶段；第二阶段论述了平江工农运动的初步发展。从平江党支部建立到“五卅运动”前是平江工农运动获得了初步发展的阶段；第三阶段,论述了平江工农运动的深入发展。从“五卅运动”到1926年6月平江大水毁坏工会及工人宿舍为止是平江工农运动深入发展的阶段；第四阶段论述了平江工农运动的高潮。北伐战争的发展给平江工农运动带来了第一次发展高潮。第五阶段,主要论述了平江工农运动的余波。1927年5月21日“马日事变”后,反动派立即血腥镇压人民的革命斗争,平江工农运动走向低谷。第三部分主要分析了大革命时期平江工农运动的特点。平江工农运动兴起早,革命武装建立得早,建立了湘鄂赣第一支农民革命武装。但工人运动与农民运动发展不平衡,一方面,与农民相比,工人数量比较少,力量比较薄弱。另一方面,在发展阶段上,工人运动与农民运动发展不同步。第四部分主要论述了大革命时期平江工农运动的影响及其局限性。平江轰轰烈烈的工农运动,不仅沉重地打击了平江的帝国主义和军阀统治,成为湖南工农运动史上光辉的一页,更有力地支援了北伐战争,也为第二次革命高潮的到来奠定了基础。当然,它也具有一定的局限性,大革命时期平江的工农运动出现了“左”倾错误。需要指出的是,我们并不能因为平江的工农运动的局限而否定其是反帝反封建的民主革命,否定其历史功绩。结语部分主要通过对大革命时期平江工农运动的发展概况的梳理,以期让人们更加了解这段历史,不忘革命道路上前人作出的伟大贡献。
[Abstract]:The movement of workers and peasants is of great significance in the history of Chinese revolution. During the first Great Revolution, the whole country formed the climax of the workers and peasants movement, especially Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong and other places. The workers and peasants movement in Hunan is second to none in the whole country, and the vigorous workers and peasants movement in Pingjiang River is one of the most colorful in the history of the workers and peasants movement in Hunan Province. Taking the Pingjiang Workers and Peasants Movement during the first Great Revolution as the object of investigation, this paper discusses the background, development process, characteristics, historical influence and limitations of the Pingjiang Workers and Peasants Movement during the first Great Revolution. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part mainly expounds the background of the rise of Pingjiang workers and peasants movement during the Great Revolution. The feudal exploitation of landlords and gentry and imperialist aggression made the economy of Pingjiang region desolate, the people's living difficulties, and the continuous war and frequent natural disasters made the society more volatile. It can be described as "poor land, natural and man-made disasters, soldiers and bandits." At this time, the development and growth of the proletariat and the rise of Hunan workers and peasants movement provide the class basis and objective conditions for the development of Pingjiang workers and peasants movement. The second part mainly analyzes the development of Pingjiang workers and peasants movement during the Great Revolution. This part is mainly divided into five stages. The first stage mainly discusses the germination of the organized workers and peasants movement in Pingjiang River. From the May 4th Movement to the establishment of Pingjiang Party Branch in 1923, the organized workers and peasants movement in Pingjiang began to sprout, and the second stage discussed the preliminary development of Pingjiang workers and peasants movement. From the establishment of Pingjiang Party Branch to the May 30th Movement, it was the stage of preliminary development of Pingjiang Workers and Peasants Movement, and the third stage discussed the in-depth development of Pingjiang Workers and Peasants Movement. From the May 30th Movement to the destruction of trade unions and workers' dormitories in June 1926, it was the stage of in-depth development of the Pingjiang Workers and Peasants Movement, and the fourth stage discussed the climax of the Pingjiang Workers and peasants Movement. The development of the Northern Expedition War brought the first climax of development to the Pingjiang Workers and Peasants Movement. In the fifth stage, it mainly discusses the afterwaves of the Pingjiang Workers and Peasants Movement. After the "Hori incident" on May 21, 1927, the reactionary forces immediately and brutally suppressed the revolutionary struggle of the people, and the Pingjiang Workers and Peasants Movement went to the trough. The third part mainly analyzes the characteristics of Pingjiang workers and peasants movement during the Great Revolution. The Pingjiang workers and peasants movement rose early, the revolutionary armed forces were established early, and the first peasant revolutionary armed forces in Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi were established. However, the development of the labor movement and the peasant movement is unbalanced. On the one hand, compared with the peasants, the number of workers is relatively small and the strength is relatively weak. On the other hand, in the development stage, the development of the labor movement and the peasant movement is not synchronized. The fourth part mainly discusses the influence and limitation of Pingjiang workers and peasants movement during the Great Revolution. The vigorous movement of workers and peasants in Pingjiang not only dealt a heavy blow to the imperialism and warlord rule of Pingjiang, became a glorious page in the history of Hunan workers and peasants movement, supported the Northern Expedition War more forcefully, but also laid the foundation for the arrival of the climax of the second revolution. Of course, it also has certain limitations, the Pingjiang workers and peasants movement during the Great Revolution made a "left" mistake. It should be pointed out that we can not deny that it is an anti-imperialist and anti-feudal democratic revolution and negate its historical achievements because of the limitations of the workers and peasants movement in Pingjiang. The conclusion part mainly combs the general situation of the development of the Pingjiang workers and peasants movement during the Great Revolution, in order to let people know more about this period of history and not forget the great contributions made by the forefathers on the road of the revolution.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K262

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