哈尔滨关道设治研究

发布时间：2019-07-09 11:24

【摘要】：哈尔滨关道,又称为滨江关道,是哈尔滨地区设治最早的地方行政机构,于光绪三十一年(1905年)在哈尔滨傅家甸(今道外区)设治,主要职能是督征地区关税与办理铁路交涉事宜。哈尔滨关道的设治,对于维护地区稳定,促进哈尔滨地区的政治、经济、教育、文化、外交、社会生活等方面有着重要意义。并在一定程度上抵制了沙俄与其他各国对我国利权的破坏,有力地维护了国家主权。十九世纪末,沙俄通过一系列不平等条约攫取特权,并在中国东北修筑了一条横贯东北境内呈“丁”字形的中东铁路,哈尔滨成为铁路的中心枢纽地带。鉴于其重要的地理位置,各国争相设立领事馆,哈尔滨被迫开埠,使其成为一座国际性商埠,也开启了城市的近代化。鉴于其地位的日益重要,光绪三十一年(1905年),吉林将军达桂、黑龙江将军程德全合奏光绪帝请于哈尔滨地区设治关道,办理铁路交涉事宜,督征地区关税。哈尔滨关道设立后,实际管辖区域为中东铁路附属地界外的傅家甸、四家子一带。三任关道台杜学瀛、萨荫图、施肇基,为维护地区稳定、处理关道与各国交涉事宜发挥了重要作用。本文分四个章节。第一章绪论。系统分析了历年相关论文及文献,对相关论文进行归纳与总结,并在原有论文观点基础上进行观点创新与理论升华。第二章中东铁路的修筑与哈尔滨城市开埠。本章主要从中东铁路修筑前,黑龙江地区出现边疆危机入手,分析危机出现后给哈尔滨地区带来前所未有的变化。概括分析出中东铁路修筑后,哈尔滨作为一座新兴的城市,开始了城市近代化的历程。第三章哈尔滨关道设治概况。本章为论文的主体部分。主要对哈尔滨关道设治概况以及历史沿革进行阐释。关道设治后,对傅家甸地区的开发与治理做了详细的阐述,其中包括实业的创办以及学校的设立,都对哈尔滨地区产生了重要影响。第四章哈尔滨关道设治对哈尔滨地区的影响。哈尔滨关道的设治,为哈尔滨地区所带来的变化是前所未有的,它作为哈尔滨地区第一个行政机关有着重要意义。对哈尔滨地区政治、经济、文化、社会生活等方面产生了积极作用,维护了我国主权与领土完整。总之,哈尔滨关道的设治对哈尔滨的政治、经济、文化教育、社会生活等各个方面都产生了重要影响。
[Abstract]:Harbin Guan Dao, also known as Binjiang Guan Dao, is the earliest local administrative organization in Harbin. In 31 (1905), it was set up in Fujiadian, Harbin (now Daowei District). Its main function is to supervise regional tariffs and handle railway negotiations. The establishment and treatment of Harbin pass is of great significance to maintain regional stability and promote politics, economy, education, culture, diplomacy, social life and so on. To a certain extent, it resisted the destruction of China's interests by Russia and other countries, and effectively safeguarded national sovereignty. At the end of the 19th century, Russia seized privileges through a series of unequal treaties and built a "Ding" Middle East railway across Northeast China. Harbin became the central hub of the railway. In view of its important geographical position, countries scrambled to set up consulates, Harbin was forced to open a port, making it an international commercial port, but also opened up the modernization of the city. In view of the increasing importance of his position, Guang Xu (1905), Jilin General Da Gui, Heilongjiang General Cheng Dequan ensemble Emperor Guangxu invited to set up a gate in Harbin area, deal with railway negotiations, supervise regional tariffs. After the establishment of Harbin Guan Road, the actual jurisdiction area is Fu Jiadian, Sijiazi area outside the boundary of Middle East Railway affiliated to the Middle East Railway. The three Guan stations du Xueying, sa Yantu and Shi Zhaoji played an important role in maintaining regional stability and dealing with negotiations between Guan Dao and other countries. This paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is the introduction. This paper systematically analyzes the relevant papers and literature over the years, sums up and summarizes the related papers, and carries on the viewpoint innovation and the theoretical sublimation on the basis of the original paper viewpoint. The second chapter is the construction of Middle East Railway and the opening of Harbin City. This chapter mainly starts with the frontier crisis in Heilongjiang before the construction of Middle East railway, and analyzes the unprecedented changes to Harbin after the crisis. After the construction of Middle East railway, Harbin, as a new city, began the process of urban modernization. The third chapter is the general situation of Harbin pass. This chapter is the main part of the paper. This paper mainly explains the general situation and historical evolution of Harbin Guan Dao. After closing down, the development and management of Fujiadian area are expounded in detail, including the establishment of industry and the establishment of school, all of which have an important impact on Harbin area. The fourth chapter is the influence of Harbin pass on Harbin area. The establishment and treatment of Harbin Guan Dao has brought unprecedented changes to Harbin area, and it is of great significance as the first administrative organ in Harbin area. It has played a positive role in politics, economy, culture and social life in Harbin, and safeguarded the sovereignty and territorial integrity of our country. In a word, the establishment and governance of Harbin pass has an important impact on Harbin's politics, economy, culture and education, social life and so on.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D691;K25

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