近代汉口外来人口与汉口社会的变迁

发布时间：2018-01-05 13:05

本文关键词：近代汉口外来人口与汉口社会的变迁　出处：《云南民族大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近代以来的汉口，不断的遭遇着自然灾害、兵祸的冲击。汉口原有的城市体系遭到了彻底的破坏，然而面对着这样恶劣的城市环境，汉口经过了1849年的自然灾害直至辛亥革命，却一直都保持着持续性的发展。在这个过程中，汉口迎来了近代新的外来人口的浪潮。文章认为，这些外来人口与汉口城市社会的发展与变迁息息相关，外来人口在汉口由传统城镇向大型商业城市的转变中起到了至关重要的作用。本文在充分整理和分析了有关近代汉口史料的基础上，对近代汉口的这一历史进程进行详细的分析，力图能详细分析两者之间的相互关系。为了达到这一目的，本文主要分为三个部分：第一部分简要阐述明时期汉口镇的兴起，以及明和清前期、近代外来人口的来源。并由此引申出近代汉口的外来人口移居汉口的概况，并通过不同时期的外来人口对比，动态展示出近代汉口新外来人口的概况，及外来人口变化及其原因。开埠后，国际性外来人口开始大量移居汉口，一方面占用了汉口的资源，另一方面却也给汉口近代的发展注入了新的活力。与此同时，这部分还简要叙述了汉口存在的少数民族，对其来源和人口规模做了大致的归纳。第二部分着重分析了近代汉口外来人口与城市社会的变迁。这一时期，汉口处于快速发展时期，人口规模、密度、城市面积在内的整个城市区域都在发生着变化。同时，社会结构、市政建设、社会保障、文化教育、城市建筑等多方面都出现了相应的转型与完善，近代汉口的城市也逐渐形成自己的城市特征。而城市社会的这些变迁无一不是深受外来人口的影响，外来人口为近代的汉口提供了人力、资本、先进的城市理念，对汉口的城市变革起了很大推动作用。第三部分主要分析了外来人口之间的相互之间关系对城市社会的变迁所产生的影响，通过从外来人中的下层与上层之间的阶级冲突城市、本土外来人与西方势力之间的利益冲突、外来的商人之间的竞争与合作，三个方面对汉口外来人口之间的相互关系进行了详尽的分析，从而得出城市社会是由人所组成的，人与人之间无论是冲突还是合作，都会对城市产生不可估量的影响，城市也会在这样的冲突与合作中渐次发生变化。而作为一个移民城市，汉口更多所要面对的是这些外来者之间的关系，因为这不仅是因为他们是这个城市人口的主要构成，同时他们也是这个城市发展、变迁的主要动力。本文最后得出的结论，在近代的汉口城市社会转型中，外来人口扮演了极其重要的角色，他们影响了汉口城市的发展，为城市提供了劳动力、资金还有先进的技术和近代化的城市思想。同时，汉口的城市进步也让他们逐渐融入进城市的体系当中，构成现代汉口人的重要来源。
[Abstract]:Since modern times, Hankou has been constantly affected by natural disasters, the impact of military disasters. The original urban system of Hankou was completely destroyed, but faced with such a bad urban environment. Hankou, after the natural disaster in 1849 until the Revolution of 1911, has maintained a sustained development. In this process, Hankou ushered in a new wave of foreign population in modern times. These alien populations are closely related to the development and changes of urban society in Hankou. The foreign population has played a vital role in Hankou's transition from traditional towns to large commercial cities. This paper has fully collated and analyzed the historical data of Hankou in modern times. This historical process of modern Hankou is analyzed in detail in order to analyze the relationship between them in detail. In order to achieve this goal, this paper is divided into three parts: The first part briefly describes the rise of the town of Hankou in the Ming Dynasty, and the origin of the foreign population in the early Ming and Qing dynasties. And through the comparison of the foreign population in different periods, the dynamic display of the new population of Hankou in modern times, as well as the changes of the foreign population and its reasons. After the opening of the port, the international population began to migrate to Hankou in large numbers. On the one hand, it occupied the resources of Hankou, on the other hand, it also injected new vitality into the development of modern Hankou. At the same time, this part also briefly described the existence of ethnic minorities in Hankou. The origin and size of the population are summed up roughly. The second part focuses on the analysis of the modern Hankou population and the changes of urban society. This period, Hankou is in a period of rapid development, population size, density. At the same time, the social structure, municipal construction, social security, culture and education, urban architecture and many other aspects of the corresponding transformation and improvement. The cities of Hankou in modern times also gradually formed their own urban characteristics, and all these changes of urban society were deeply influenced by the foreign population, which provided manpower and capital for the modern Hankou. Advanced urban concept, the city of Hankou has played a great role in promoting change. The third part mainly analyzes the impact of the relationship between the foreign population on the changes of urban society through the class conflict between the lower class and the upper class from the outsider. The conflicts of interest between the native outsiders and the western forces, the competition and cooperation between the foreign businessmen, and the relationship between the foreign population in Hankou were analyzed in detail. Thus, it is concluded that urban society is composed of people, whether conflict or cooperation between people, will have an incalculable impact on the city. Cities also change gradually in such conflicts and cooperation. As an immigrant city, Hankou has to face more of the relationship between these outsiders. Because this is not only because they are the main composition of the city's population, but they are also the main driving force for the development and change of the city. The last conclusion of this paper is that in the modern urban transformation of Hankou, the foreign population has played an extremely important role, they have influenced the development of Hankou city and provided the labor force for the city. At the same time, the urban progress of Hankou also makes them gradually integrate into the urban system, forming an important source of modern Hankou people.
【学位授予单位】：云南民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K29

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