民国时期大同城市发展研究（1914-1945）

发布时间：2018-04-18 08:15

本文选题：民国时期 + 大同　；参考：《江西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：山西地处内陆地区,自古以来交通不便,信息闭塞。到了近代,其城市发展整体落后于东部沿海城市以及开埠通商城市。民国初年,山西大多城市还保持着明清时期的城市格局——外有城墙,城内建筑风貌和街道分区也还是传统古代城市的形制,城市经济也发展较为落后。特别是在1917年后的阎锡山治晋期间,阎锡山为了保住自己的地盘、维护其统治利益,不断扩军;经常与其他军阀混战。所以民国时期,山西城市难有一个和平稳定的社会环境去进行城市建设,而且城市大多遭到不同程度的破坏。只有太原、临汾、大同近代工业化程度相对较高。铁路通到大同后,煤矿陆续在大同兴办起来,煤炭源源不断向外输出,大同迅速发展成为山西第二大城市。大同就是在这种破坏与重建的环境下展开城市建设。本文从城市史的角度对民国时期大同城市发展进行研究。为了更好地对民国时期大同城市发展进行阐述,本文还结合应用了社会学、经济学、人口学、历史学等学科的相关知识理论。本文通过文献查阅、实地调查等方法对民国时期大同城市发展进行研究。首章对大同城市发展的自然环境和人文环境作了简单说明,分析大同城市发展的自然条件;古代早期大同城市发展历史沿革及传统封建城市的形成;明清以来大同传统城市格局的形成与城市建设;不同时期大同的行政区划变迁。虽然近代大同同山西大多城市一样,依然沿袭传统城市发展模式,但1914年京绥铁路通车到大同,开启了大同城市近代化之风,直至,1945年抗日战争胜利,日本退出大同之前。为了理清大同城市发展的脉络,本文第二章将这一时段分为两个时期——阎锡山统治时期和日本统治时期进行研究。为了便于分析大同城市发展的特点和特征,本文以丰富翔实的史料与表格数据为依据对商业、工业、金融业这三方面进行阐述。此段时间的基本特征为:前期大同的工商业齐头并进,商业最先兴起、最为繁华,进而带动工业发展,工商业共同发展催生了近代金融业的诞生。后期受日本殖民统治,大同经济结构发生很大转变,商业凋敝,重工业畸形发展,轻重工业比例失调。此外,本文还分别论述了这两个时期的城市公用事业,如通信方式、城市交通、城市供排水、电灯、新式公共建筑物等。通过分析可以得知:大同城市近代化起步较晚,整体上有所进步,但城市发展不协调。最后一章论述了影响大同城市发展的诸多因素。这些因素,有促进其城市发展的铁路和煤矿事业的发展等积极因素,也有阻碍其城市建设发展的战争因素等。
[Abstract]:Shanxi is located in the inland area, transportation is inconvenient since ancient times, information is blocked.In modern times, its overall urban development lags behind the eastern coastal cities and open port trade cities.In the early years of the Republic of China, most cities in Shanxi still maintained the urban pattern of the Ming and Qing dynasties-outside the city walls, the architectural style and street zoning of the city was also the shape of the traditional ancient city, and the development of urban economy was relatively backward.In particular, during Yan Xishan's reign after 1917, Yan Xishan continued to expand his armed forces in order to preserve his territory and safeguard his ruling interests, and often engaged in melee warfare with other warlords.Therefore, in the period of Republic of China, it was difficult for Shanxi cities to have a peaceful and stable social environment to carry out urban construction, and most of the cities were destroyed to varying degrees.Only Taiyuan, Linfen, Datong modern industrialization degree is relatively high.After the railway was connected to Datong, the coal mine was set up in Datong one after another, and the coal was exported continuously, and Datong developed rapidly into the second largest city in Shanxi Province.Datong is in this environment of destruction and reconstruction of urban construction.This paper studies the development of Datong city in the period of the Republic of China from the perspective of urban history.In order to better explain the development of Datong city in the period of the Republic of China, this paper also applies the relevant knowledge theories of sociology, economics, demography, history and so on.This paper studies the development of Datong city in the period of the Republic of China by means of literature review and field investigation.The first chapter gives a brief description of the natural and humanistic environment of the development of Datong city, analyzes the natural conditions of the development of Datong city, the history of the development of Datong city in the early ancient times and the formation of the traditional feudal city.The formation and construction of the traditional urban pattern of Datong since the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the changes of the administrative divisions of Datong in different periods.Although modern Datong, like most cities in Shanxi, still followed the traditional mode of urban development, the Beijing-Suiyuan Railway opened to Datong in 1914, which opened up the trend of modernization of Datong City until the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan in 1945 and the withdrawal of Japan from Datong.In order to clarify the development of Datong city, the second chapter divides this period into two periods-the period of Yan Xishan and the period of Japanese rule.In order to analyze the characteristics and characteristics of Datong city development, this paper expounds the three aspects of commerce, industry and finance based on rich historical data and tabular data.The basic characteristics of this period of time are: the industry and commerce in the early period of Datong go hand in hand, the first rise of commerce, the most prosperous, and then promote the development of industry, industrial and commercial development spawned the birth of the modern financial industry.In the later period of Japanese colonial rule, the economic structure of Datong changed greatly, commerce declined, heavy industry deformed, and the proportion of light and heavy industry was unbalanced.In addition, this paper also discusses the two periods of urban public utilities, such as communications, urban transportation, urban water supply and drainage, electric lights, new public buildings, and so on.Through the analysis, we can know that the modernization of Datong city started late and made progress on the whole, but the development of the city is not coordinated.The last chapter discusses many factors that influence the development of Datong city.These factors include the positive factors such as railway and coal industry which promote the development of the city, and the war factors that hinder the development of the city construction and development.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K29

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