论近代以来俄侨在哈尔滨的金融活动

发布时间：2018-04-18 17:54

本文选题：俄侨 + 哈尔滨　；参考：《东北师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 中国和俄国的交往可谓是渊源流长,最早可以追溯到元朝。到了近代,俄国侨民的大量流入中国则是始于19世纪末,随着中东铁路的修筑,大量的俄国侨民来到哈尔滨定居。俄侨在哈尔滨进行了一系列经济活动,其中金融业占有一定地位。俄侨开办的金融业主要包括银行业和保险业这两大类。从1898年道胜银行在哈尔滨设立分行开始,俄资银行就如雨后春笋,开始开办,在哈尔滨一度形成垄断局面。俄侨银行在哈尔滨还发行的大量的货币,俄币在哈尔滨流通初期是比较稳定的,但是随着十月革命后,帝俄政府倒台,货币大幅度贬值,最终停止兑换,这给哈尔滨商民带来严重危害。随着哈尔滨被开辟为商埠,哈尔滨的工商业获得了较大的发展,为了寻求保障,俄侨保险业应运而生。俄侨的金融业一度十分辉煌,垄断了哈尔滨金融业。但是俄侨金融业的发展,很大程度上依靠俄国政府的支持,随着俄国特权丧失,俄侨金融业逐渐萎靡。到1931年“九·一八”事变后,俄侨的金融业优势逐渐被日商取代,幸存者寥寥无几。俄侨的金融业对哈尔滨产生一定影响。一方面掠夺哈尔滨商民大量财富,损害人民利益,另一方面促进哈尔滨的近代化。本文从以下四个方面对哈尔滨俄侨的金融活动进行探讨和评价。首先,俄侨在哈尔滨的基本情况。中东铁路开始修筑后,俄国政府鼓励向哈尔滨移民,加之1917年十月革命爆发,导致大量俄侨来到哈尔滨。他们从事多种活动。第二、俄侨在哈尔滨的银行业。俄侨的银行业随着中东铁路建筑开始出现的。1907年哈尔滨被辟为商埠之前,俄资银行在哈尔滨一直占有垄断地位,获利丰厚。第三、俄侨在哈尔滨的保险业。随着哈尔滨工商业的繁荣以及哈尔滨地理位置,俄侨保险业开始兴办,在1931年之前,在哈尔滨一直占有绝对优势,也大获其利。第四、俄侨在哈尔滨金融活动的影响。俄侨在哈尔滨金融活动掠夺哈尔滨大量的资源以及商民的大量财富,但是在客观上也促进了哈尔滨的发展。
[Abstract]:China and Russia have a long history, dating back to the Yuan Dynasty.In modern times, the influx of Russian expatriates into China began at the end of the 19th century. With the construction of the Middle East railway, a large number of Russian emigrants settled in Harbin.Russian overseas Chinese in Harbin carried out a series of economic activities, including the financial sector occupies a certain position.The finance industry of Russian overseas Chinese mainly includes banking and insurance.Since Taisheng Bank set up a branch in Harbin in 1898, Russian banks have been springing up and have been monopolized in Harbin.The large amount of currency issued by the Russian overseas Chinese Bank in Harbin was relatively stable at the beginning of its circulation in Harbin. However, with the fall of the imperialist government after the October Revolution, the currency was devalued by a large margin, and finally stopped convertibility.This brings serious harm to Harbin merchants.As Harbin was opened as a commercial port, Harbin's industrial and commercial development, in order to seek protection, the Russian insurance industry came into being.The financial industry of Russian overseas Chinese was once very brilliant, monopolizing Harbin financial industry.However, the development of Russian overseas Chinese financial industry, to a large extent, depends on the support of the Russian government. With the loss of Russian privileges, the Russian overseas Chinese financial industry gradually declined.By 1931, after the September 18 th incident, the financial advantage of Russian expatriates was gradually replaced by Japanese merchants, with few survivors.The finance industry of Russian overseas Chinese produces certain influence to Harbin.On the one hand, plundered the wealth of Harbin merchants, harm the interests of the people, on the other hand, to promote the modernization of Harbin.This paper discusses and evaluates the financial activities of Russian overseas Chinese in Harbin in the following four aspects.First of all, the basic situation of Russian overseas Chinese in Harbin.After the construction of the Middle East Railway, the Russian government encouraged the emigration to Harbin, and the October Revolution of 1917 led to a large number of Russian emigrants to Harbin.They engage in a variety of activities.Second, the banking industry of Russian overseas Chinese in Harbin.Russian banks began to appear with the construction of railway in the Middle East. Before Harbin was established as a commercial port in 1907, Russian banks had been monopolized and profited in Harbin.Third, the insurance industry of Russian overseas Chinese in Harbin.With the prosperity of Harbin industry and commerce and the geographical location of Harbin, the insurance industry of Russian overseas Chinese began to set up. Before 1931, the insurance industry in Harbin had always had an absolute advantage and benefited greatly.Fourth, the influence of the financial activities of Russian overseas Chinese in Harbin.Russian financial activities in Harbin plunder a great deal of resources and wealth of merchants and people in Harbin, but it also promotes the development of Harbin objectively.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：F832.9;K29

【引证文献】