屯垦戍边视角下新疆巴里坤汉文化研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 09:22

本文选题：屯垦戍边 + 巴里坤　；参考：《石河子大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：新疆哈密地区巴里坤哈萨克自治县是历代中央王朝经略西域的重镇要塞,是丝绸之路新北道的第一门户。巴里坤由于战略位置重要,成为最早的屯田之地。早在先秦时期,这里就有了内地华夏的足迹。秦汉时,这里是中原通往西域的窗口、路径。唐代时,中原王朝派驻军队在这里屯田戍卫边防。清朝初期,为平定准噶尔叛乱,康熙皇帝派遣军队进驻巴里坤一带,使其成为连接西域和中原的重要纽带;乾隆时期,屯垦戍边成为经略西域的国家政策,由政府组织内地汉族迁入新疆各地履行屯垦戍边的历史使命。在千百年的驻边屯田、生产生活中,形成了区别于内地汉民族的汉文化,是屯戍新疆汉文化的缩影,亦是屯戍新疆多民族文化交融的示范。本研究基于屯垦戍边视角,采用历史人类学的研究方法,将历史文献研究与实地调研结合起来,“自上而下”、“自下而上”展现巴里坤汉文化风貌。通过历史文献记载和当地汉人传承民俗生活事象,探索屯垦巴里坤汉文化的历史,分析和研究当地汉族的生产、生活状况及其显著特征和价值影响。全文为六部分组成。第一部分绪论,介绍选题背景、研究意义及研究思路与方法,并在阅读大量文献的基础上撰写了研究综述。第二部分即第一章历代屯垦巴里坤汉文化概述,从地理环境、自然条件方面阐述巴里坤汉文化生存、发展的物质基础;运用相关史料阐述巴里坤汉族来源和汉族屯垦社会的发展历史。第三部分即第二章巴里坤汉族屯垦社会文化,分别从物质生产生活文化、社会生活文化和精神生活文化方面展现巴里坤汉族军民的农牧业生产、食衣住行等生活方式,人生仪礼与节日民俗以及民间文学和精神信仰,较全方位地深描巴里坤屯垦汉文化。第四部分即第三章巴里坤汉文化的显著特征,从传承性、屯垦性、多元交融性和稳定性与变异性等方面论述了屯戍巴里坤汉文化的显著特征。第五部分即第四章巴里坤汉文化的当代启示,阐述巴里坤汉文化对新疆多元文化交融、兵地文化和谐交融,以及对“一带一路”带来的当代启示,进而突出巴里坤汉文化是多种文化碰撞的产物,在屯垦新疆的民族文化中具有示范作用,并对新疆的长治久安有重要的实际意义。第六部分结语,指出历史上屯戍新疆巴里坤形成的汉文化是屯垦文化的典型代表,传承、发展于历代王朝对新疆屯戍政策的部署与实施,直至新中国新疆生产建设兵团屯垦戍边事业的继往开来,是集古屯垦文化、中原文化、军旅文化、红色文化、少数民族文化于一体的先进文化的重要组成部分,对今天治理新疆、和谐民族关系构建和“一带一路”核心区发展战略具有重要的借鉴价值。
[Abstract]:Balikun Kazak Autonomous County in Hami area of Xinjiang is the main fortress of the central dynasties in the western region and the first gateway of the New North Road of the Silk Road. Balikun because of the strategic position is important, become the earliest land of open fields. As early as the pre-Qin period, here has the inland Chinese footprint. Qin and Han dynasties, here is the Central Plains to the Western region window, path. Tang Dynasty, the Central Plains stationed troops here garrison frontier defense. In the early Qing Dynasty, in order to calm the Junggar rebellion, Emperor Kangxi sent troops into the Balikun area, making it an important link between the Western region and the Central Plains. During the Qianlong period, reclaiming and garrisoning the frontier became the national policy of the Western region. The government organized the Han nationality to move to Xinjiang to carry out the historical mission of reclaiming and guarding the border. In the production and life of thousands of years of stationed in the border, the Han culture, which is different from the Han nationality in the mainland, is the epitome of the Han culture of garrisoning Xinjiang, and it is also the demonstration of the blending of multi-national culture in Xinjiang. Based on the perspective of land reclamation and frontier defense, this study combines historical literature research with field investigation by using the method of historical anthropology, "top-down" and "bottom-up" to show the Han style of Barikun. By means of historical documents and local Han people, this paper explores the history of Barikun Han culture, analyzes and studies the production and living conditions of the local Han nationality and their remarkable characteristics and value effects. The full text is composed of six parts. The first part introduces the background of the topic, the significance of the research, the research ideas and methods, and based on reading a large number of literature to write a review of the research. The second part is the first chapter of the history of the cultivation of Barkun Han culture overview, from the geographical environment, natural conditions to explain the survival and development of the Balikun Han culture material basis; Using relevant historical data to expound the origin of the Han nationality in Balikun and the development history of the reclaimed society of the Han nationality. The third part is the second chapter, the social culture of the Balikun Han nationality, respectively, from the aspects of material production and life culture, social life culture and spiritual life culture, showing the production of military and animal husbandry, food, clothing, housing, and other life styles of the Balikun Han nationality. Life ceremony, festival folklore, folk literature and spiritual belief, more comprehensive description of Balikun Han culture. The fourth part, the third chapter, discusses the remarkable characteristics of the Chinese culture of Tun Balikun from the aspects of inheritance, reclamation, plural blending, stability and variability. The fifth part is the fourth chapter, the contemporary enlightenment of the Chinese culture of Balikun, expounding the blending of the Chinese culture in Xinjiang, the harmony of the culture of the army and the land, and the contemporary enlightenment to Belt and Road. Then it highlights that the Balikun Han culture is the product of the collision of many cultures, which plays an exemplary role in the national culture of Xinjiang, and has important practical significance for the long-term stability and stability of Xinjiang. The sixth part points out that the Han culture formed in the history of garrisoning Xinjiang Barikun is a typical representative of the cultivation culture. It is inherited and developed from the deployment and implementation of the Xinjiang garrison policy in the past dynasties. Until the cause of the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps of New China to open up and defend the frontier, it is an important part of the advanced culture that integrates ancient culture, Central Plains culture, military culture, red culture, and minority culture. It has important reference value for governing Xinjiang today, constructing harmonious national relations and developing strategy of Belt and Road core area.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K29

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