论北方草原民族之族兵制

发布时间：2018-04-29 11:08

本文选题：族兵制 + 军事制度　；参考：《内蒙古社会科学(汉文版)》2012年06期

【摘要】：族兵制是人类历史上最早的兵役形态。在北方草原,从有明确记载的匈奴族兵制到入关前的女真人,北方草原民族无不实行族兵制。族兵制是北方草原民族数千年来传承不断的一项重要军事制度。"居民的自动的武装组织"是族兵制最初阶段的本质特征。匈奴国家政权建立后,先后征服、统治了周边民族,迅速成为一个庞大的帝国,其军队不再由居民"自动"组成,军队的组成具有了强制性,但这并未改变其全民皆兵、军政合一的组织形式。匈奴、柔然之后的北方草原民族政权是以"地区部落"组织为基础的,随着部落构成以血缘为纽带到以地缘为纽带的变化,北方草原民族政权实行的族兵制的血缘色彩逐渐褪去,地缘因素日益增强,并最终成为了主导。
[Abstract]:Clan soldier system is the earliest form of military service in human history. In the northern grassland, from the clearly recorded system of the Huns to the real women before entering the customs, all the northern grassland nationalities practiced the system of ethnic soldiers. The system of ethnic soldiers is an important military system that has been passed on for thousands of years. " The automatic armed organization of the inhabitants is the essential feature of the initial stage of the clan military system. After the establishment of the Xiongnu state power, they successively conquered, ruled the surrounding nations, and quickly became a huge empire. Their army was no longer composed of residents "automatically", and the composition of the army became mandatory, but this did not change the fact that the whole people were all soldiers. The organizational form of integration of military and government. The Xiongnu, after Rilan, was based on the "regional tribe" organization, as the tribal formation changed from blood ties to geographical ties. The kinship of the ethnic military system implemented by the northern grasslands regime gradually faded, and the geographical factors became increasingly stronger, and finally became the dominant.
【作者单位】：内蒙古社会科学院历史研究所;
【分类号】：K28;E291

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