“走西口”与近代内蒙古中西部社会生态的恶化

发布时间：2018-05-03 05:03

本文选题：近代内蒙古中西部 + 走西口　；参考：《山西大学》2005年硕士论文

【摘要】：移民是指具有一定数量、一定距离、在迁入地居住了一定时间的迁移人口。走西口是清代以来内地人口迫于生存压力移民到长城以外地区谋生的社会活动。其所处的时代正好是古老的中国由传统的封建社会逐步向近代缓慢转变的时期。与传统的移民相比,时代赋予了它新的内容。一直以来,学界对走西口移民的研究主要集中于其积极贡献,如促进了内蒙古的农业、商业、手工业和城市建设等方面的发展,以及蒙汉人民在长期的共同生产中加强了联系,增进了感情,促进了民族团结。但是,由于走西口移民所处的特殊历史时期和内蒙古中西部客观的社会、自然条件,其所带来的消极影响也是不容忽视的。本文拟就走西口移民与近代以来内蒙古中西部社会生态的恶化之间的关系作一剖析,以期正确揭示二者的内在联系。文章主要分为三大部分。第一部分为走西口概述,主要阐述走西口的移民路线和迁入地区;走西口的主要移出地区及其原因;走西口开端及高潮时期;走西口移民数量;移民身份的分析及主要从事职业。对走西口作了概括性的说明。第二部分探讨了移民与土地荒漠化的关系,造成土地荒漠化的主要原因有移民不科学的土地开垦;移民不合理的生产、生活行为;国家政策的消极影响和恶劣的社会生存环境。第三部分考察了移民与土匪、毒品问题的关系。移民与土匪的关系,主要内容为内蒙古中西部土匪概况;移民土匪的危害;移民土匪形成的原因等。移民与鸦片的关系,着重分析了移民与鸦片的种植、吸食和贩运的关系。通过对移民与土地荒漠化、移民与土匪、移民与鸦片关系的论述,说明走西口移民与近代内蒙古中西部社会生态恶化之间的关系。本文拟在吸收前人研究成果的基础上,主要采用社会史的理论和研究方法,并综合运用历史学、人口学、地理学、社会学、经济学和民族学等学科知识,在参阅大量地方志书和各地文史资料的同时,进行必要的社会田野调查,尽可能复原走西口移民的历史活动,在肯定移民对内蒙古中西部建设作出积极贡献的同时,对其消极影响予以揭示,以说明被人忽略的历史的另一面相。目前,我国正在实施开发西部的战略,以史为鉴,吸取历史上开发西
[Abstract]:Immigration refers to the migrating people who have a certain amount, a certain distance, and living for a certain period of time. Taking Xikou is the social activity that the mainland population is immigrating to the area outside the the Great Wall since the Qing Dynasty. The time is just the time that the ancient China gradually changed from the traditional feudal society to the modern. Compared with the traditional immigrants, the time has given it a new content. The study of the immigrants to Xikou has been mainly focused on its positive contribution, such as the development of agriculture, commerce, handicraft industry and urban construction in Inner Mongolia, as well as the relationship between the Mongolian and Han people in the long-term common production and the promotion of feelings and promotion. However, because of the special historical period and the objective society in central and Western Inner Mongolia, the negative influence of the immigrants can not be ignored. This article is to analyze the relationship between the immigration of Xikou and the disappearance of social ecology in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia in modern times. The inner connection between the two.
The article is divided into three main parts. The first part is a summary of the west mouth, mainly explaining the immigration route and the moving area of Xikou; taking the main emigrant areas and the reasons for the Xikou; taking the beginning and the climax of Xikou; taking the number of immigrants in Xikou; the analysis of immigration status and the main occupation. Second departments have made a general description of the Xikou. The relationship between immigration and land desertification was discussed. The main reasons for the desertification were unscientific land reclamation, unreasonable production, life behavior, negative influence of national policy and bad social environment. The third part investigated the relationship between the immigrant and the bandits, the drug problem and the relationship between the immigrants and the bandits. The contents include the general situation of the bandits in the Midwest of Inner Mongolia, the harm of the immigrant bandits, the causes of the formation of the immigrant bandits, the relationship between the immigrant and opium, the relationship between the immigrant and opium cultivation, the relationship between the immigrant and the immigrant and the trafficking, and the relationship between the immigration and land desertification, the immigrant and the bandits, the immigration and the opium, and the explanation of the immigration and modern west mouth. The relationship between the deterioration of social ecology in the Midwest of Inner Mongolia.
On the basis of absorbing the achievements of previous studies, this paper mainly adopts the theory and research methods of social history, and uses the knowledge of history, demography, geography, sociology, economics and ethnology synthetically, and carries out the necessary social field investigation to recover as much as possible in the same time of reading a large number of local records and literature and history. The historical activity of Xikou immigrant, while affirming the positive contribution of the immigrants to the construction of the central and Western Inner Mongolia, reveals the negative influence of the immigrants to explain the other face of the neglected history.
At present, our country is implementing the strategy of developing the west, taking history as a mirror and learning from the West.

【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：K29

【引证文献】