西学东渐与地方志演变

发布时间：2018-05-22 16:15

本文选题：西学东渐 + 地方志　；参考：《宁波大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：近代以来，中西文化交融与碰撞，西学不断传入中国，并对中国社会的各方面都产生了非常深远的影响，给近代中国留下了很强烈的时代烙印。地方志是一定地域的自然和社会、历史和现状的资料性著述，具有区域性、资料性、综合性、连续性等特征，因此也有人说一地的地方志就是该地的“百科全书”，在受西学东渐普遍影响的近代社会，地方志的发展演变不可避免的带有这个时期的时代性特征。作为研究方志文化产生、演变及其发展规律的一门科学，为了使方志学作为一门独立的社会科学更加完整、科学，对西学东渐影响下的中国地方志的发展演变进行深入研究是必不可少的。第一章引言，介绍选题的研究背景、意义、已有研究成果述评以及本文的创新与特色。第一章，西学东渐。包括：第一节，，西学广泛传播、发展的原因；第二节，西学影响中国地方志的途径；第三节，年鉴思想的引入与发展。本章主要从大方向上把握西学东渐在晚清、民国时期的传播，并着重说明西学借助报刊、书籍等载体对中国社会、教育尤其是历史学等产生影响，从而影响传统地方志的发展演变。第二章，西学对传统地方志的改造。分为：第一节，地方志功能、编纂观念的变化；第二节，地方志内容带来的新变化；第三节，地方志编纂体例的新变化；第四节，地方志具体编纂手法的变化。其中从中国地方史区域史研究、乡土文化教育、社会发展变化研究三个方面展开论述西学对中国地方志功能变化的影响；从科学观念、进化史观、民史观三个方面论述西学对中国地方志编纂观念带来的影响。西学带来的地方志内容的新变化分为：方志门类的增新、社会经济方面记述的增加、民生相关内容的收录以及帝国主义列强侵略活动和中国人民革命斗争四个方面。地方志编纂体例的变化则包括：传统志书体例的变革、局部的创新与新体例的使用两个部分。具体的编纂手法包括：地图绘制的精确与照片的应用、各种统计表的应用、白话文与新式标点的采用、印刷方法的改进等。第三章，乡土志的崛起。本文将崛起于晚清时期的乡土志专列一章，单独考察西学东渐与乡土志的发展演变，希望借此更全面地认识西学影响下地方志的演变。本章分为：第一节，乡土志的定义；第二节，乡土志的缘起、内容和功用。乡土志的缘起包括：西方乡土教育思想的传入、国人对西方“民族”与“国家”思想的引进与吸收、民族危机下知识分子对西学的反思、民族危机的加深四个部分。乡土志的功用方面，笔者认为晚清民国乡土志的编纂，最重要的目的莫过于培养少年儿童的爱乡、爱国意识，因此在西学影响乡土志编纂的同时乡土志也为西学更广泛、更普遍的传播提供了条件与媒介。第四章，结语。总结全文，说明晚清民国时期西学东渐对中国传统地方志的影响。尽管晚清民国的地方志没有产生真正根本性的变革，但是我们不能否认，在西学东渐的历史背景下，中国传统地方志在志书的编修指导思想、编纂体例和收录内容甚至一些具体的编纂方法方面，都受到了西学的影响，呈现出不同以往的发展变化，而且伴随着地方志本身的演变，其受到的西学的影响又成为西学更大范围传播的载体，促进了西学东渐的进程与影响。结论是：地方志编纂虽然在‘资治、垂训、教化’等传统的功能和编纂理念上没有发生根本性变革，但是在指导思想、体例、具体编纂方法等方面产生了很多变化。
[Abstract]:Since modern times, Chinese and Western cultures blend and collide, and Western learning has been introduced into China, and has a profound influence on all aspects of Chinese society. It has left a strong brand for modern China. Local chronicles are the natural and social, historical and present material writings of a certain region, with regional, informative, comprehensive and continuous characteristics. As a result, some people say that the local chronicles are the "Encyclopedia" of the land. In modern society influenced by the western learning, the development and evolution of local chronicles inevitably have the characteristics of the times. It is essential to conduct an in-depth study of the development and evolution of Chinese Local Chronicles under the influence of Western learning, which is more complete and scientific for an independent social science.
The first chapter introduces the background and significance of the topic, the existing research findings, and the innovation and characteristics of this article.
The first chapter, Western learning to the East, including: the first section, the wide spread of Western learning, the cause of development; the second section, the way western learning affects Chinese local chronicles; the third, the introduction and development of the Yearbook thought. This chapter mainly grasps the spread of Western learning in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China from the big direction, and emphasizes the carrier of Western learning with the help of newspapers and books. In China, education, especially history, has an impact on the development of traditional local chronicles.
The second chapter, the transformation of the traditional local chronicles in Western Learning: the first section, the function of local chronicles, the change of the codification concept; the second section, the new changes brought about by the local chronicles; the third section, the new changes in the compilation of local chronicles; the fourth section, the change of the local chronicles compiling techniques. Among them, the local history of China, the local history and the local culture teaching. The influence of Western learning on the function change of local chronicles in China is discussed in three aspects, and the influence of Western learning on Chinese local chronicle compilation concept is discussed from the three aspects of scientific concept, evolutionary history and people's history. The new changes of local chronicles brought by Western learning are divided into the increase of the local chronicles and the social and economic aspects. The increase of the records, the contents of the people's livelihood, the aggression of the imperialist powers and the Chinese people's revolutionary struggle are four aspects. The changes in the compilation of local chronicles include: the change of the traditional book style, the local innovation and the use of the new style in two parts. The concrete compiling techniques include the accuracy and the photo of the map drawing. The application of various statistical tables, the adoption of vernacular and new punctuation, and the improvement of printing methods.
The third chapter, the rise of local chronicles. This article will take a chapter in the local chronicles of the late Qing Dynasty to examine the development and evolution of Western learning and local chronicles, hoping to understand the evolution of local chronicles in a more comprehensive way. This chapter is divided into the first section, the definition of local chronicles, the second section, the origin, content and function of local chronicles. The origin of the ambition includes the introduction of western rural education thought, the introduction and absorption of the western "national" and "national" thoughts by the Chinese, the reflection on Western learning and the deepening of the national crisis under the national crisis. The author thinks that the most important purpose of the local chronicles in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China is to make the most important purpose. In order to cultivate children's love and patriotism, the local chronicles have also provided the conditions and media for more extensive Western learning and more general communication.
The fourth chapter, concluding conclusion, summarizes the full text to explain the influence of Western learning on Chinese traditional local chronicles in the period of the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. Although the local chronicles of the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China did not produce real fundamental changes, we can not deny that, under the historical background of the western learning, the Chinese traditional local chronicles in the compilation of the guiding ideology, compiling style and collection of the Chinese traditional local chronicles The content, even some specific compilation methods, were influenced by Western learning, showing different development and changes in the past, and accompanied by the evolution of local chronicles itself. The influence of Western learning has become the carrier of the wider spread of Western learning and promoted the process and influence of Western learning. The conclusion is that the compilation of local chronicles is in spite of There have been no fundamental changes in the traditional functions and codification concepts such as "seniority, drooping and teaching", but many changes have been made in guiding ideology, style, and compiling methods.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K29

【参考文献】