二十世纪无锡地区望族的权力实践
发布时间：2018-08-26 16:49
【摘要】：望族的演变一直是学术界十分关注的问题,但以往的望族研究往往集中在门阀望族的研究上,而对其他时期的望族,特别是明清以来的望族的历史命运的研究,相对薄弱,缺乏全面系统的分析研究。 本篇论文把无锡地区明清以来的市镇望族作为一个整体来进行考察,以近现代化的社会变迁为研究背景,在微观权力理论的框架内,采用访谈、个案分析等方法,结合对无锡地区历史资料的分析,从望族的历史演变、发展环境、结构与功能、社会特性以及日常生活中的权力运用等方面入手,将静态描述与动态分析相结合,探讨城市望族在急剧的社会变迁过程中发展演变的动因、类型、机制及其规律,展示望族的生活场景,揭示社会变迁与望族演变的互动关系,力求科学准确地评价望族的历史地位和作用。 通过权力研究分析望族的演变是本文的逻辑起点,本研究中的权力并不是仅仅指由制度化的科层组织提供的合法性权力,而是在占有、分配各种机会和资源过程中,所形成的不同势力之间的关系,这种关系存在于一系列事件之中,并通过这些事件在互动过程中凸现。所以,望族的发展演变过程,就是权力的运作过程,也就是权力资源资本化的过程。 本文的研究重点是,分析望族在角色转换与地位提升过程中的各种权力策略与技术:(1)以钱氏的生活经历考察,再现望族以知识、社会关系为主的权力运作;(2)以秦氏故居的变迁,再现以声望、文化资源为主的权力运作;(3)以唐氏家族企业的发展,再现以经济资源为主的权力运作;(4)以义庄、祠堂和族谱为线索,再现象征资本的循环过程。 作为一种文化型家族,望族的的特色就在于它的人文性。这使得望族能够维持家族的认同感和保有人才的优势,从而为望族的自我延存提供了动力。 望族是特定历史阶段的产物,必然有兴盛和衰落的轨迹,但作为行动者,望族有着强大的适应能力和应变能力,科举的废除和辛亥革命的爆发,冲击着古老的名门望族,迫使它走上了应变、自变的道路,一定程度地克服宗法性。而新中国成立以来,中国共产党所进行的种种社会主义实践,使望族受到了前所未有的冲击。三反五反、反右斗争以及文化大革命等等历次运动,将传统的文化结构进行了彻底的摧毁,预示着家族的衰落。然而望族权力资源的传递模式是相对稳固的,这就促使望族在社会转型中,保有传统优势和强大的应变能力,以至在改革开放的今天,其后代至今在政治上有地位、经济上有实力、社会上有影响、学术上有造诣、事业上有成就的,不乏其人。 综合以上分析,尽管社会的两次变革,预示着无锡地区的望族分崩离析的命运不可避免,但望族的传统优势和其对环境的适应能力与应变能力实际上要比我们所认为的强大得多。望族通过内部权力资源的不断转移,以及实践策略的不断丰富,仍会维持或提升其社会影响力。特别是随着市场经济体制的不断完善,民间力量的逐渐加强,以及私人财产的再度被承认,无锡地区不仅会产生新的望族,原有的望族将更容易东山再起。
[Abstract]:The evolution of the Wangzu has always been an issue of great concern in academia. However, previous studies of the Wangzu have tended to focus on the study of the Wangzu, and the study of the historical fate of the Wangzu in other periods, especially since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, is relatively weak and lacks comprehensive and systematic analysis.
In this paper, the Wuxi area since the Ming and Qing Dynasties as a whole to inspect the town of the Wangzu, with the near-modern social changes as the research background, in the framework of micro-power theory, interviews, case studies and other methods, combined with the analysis of historical data in Wuxi area, from the historical evolution of the Wangzu, development environment, structure and function. Starting with the social characteristics and the use of power in daily life, this paper combines static description with dynamic analysis to explore the motives, types, mechanisms and laws of the development and evolution of the city's famous clan in the course of rapid social changes, reveals the life scenes of the famous clan, reveals the interactive relationship between social changes and the evolution of the famous clan, and strives to be scientific and accurate. Appraise the historical status and function of the prominent family.
The logical starting point of this paper is to analyze the evolution of the Family through the study of power. The power in this study does not only refer to the legitimate power provided by the institutionalized bureaucratic organizations, but also the relationship between different forces formed in the process of possession and distribution of various opportunities and resources. This relationship exists in a series of events and interacts with each other. These events are highlighted in the process of interaction. Therefore, the development and evolution of Wangzu is the process of power operation, that is, the process of power resources capitalization.
This paper focuses on the analysis of various power strategies and techniques in the process of role transformation and status upgrade: (1) examining Qian's life experience to reproduce the power operation of Qian's family with knowledge and social relations as the main factors; (2) changing the former residence of Qin to reproduce the power operation with prestige and cultural resources as the main factors; (3) Tang's family business. The development reproduces the power operation mainly based on economic resources; (4) The circulation process of symbolic capital is reproduced with the clue of Yizhuang, ancestral hall and genealogy.
As a kind of cultural family, the characteristics of Wangzu lie in its humanism, which enables the Wangzu to maintain the family's sense of identity and retain the advantages of talent, thus providing a motive force for the self-survival of Wangzu.
Wangzu is the product of a specific historical stage, which is bound to have the track of prosperity and decline, but as actors, Wangzu has a strong adaptability and adaptability. The abolition of the imperial examination and the outbreak of the 1911 Revolution have impacted the ancient famous families, forcing them to embark on the road of adaptation and self-change, and overcome patriarchal clan law to a certain extent. Since the founding of the Communist Party of China, the various socialist practices carried out by the Communist Party of China have brought unprecedented shocks to the Family of Hope. The campaigns against the Three Anti-Five Evils, the Anti-Right Struggle and the Cultural Revolution have completely destroyed the traditional cultural structure and foreshadowed the decline of the family. This has prompted the Wangs to retain their traditional advantages and strong resilience in the social transformation. Even today, after the reform and opening up, their descendants still have political status, economic strength, social influence, academic attainments and career achievements.
On the basis of the above analysis, although the two social changes indicate that the fate of the Wangzu in Wuxi is inevitable, the traditional advantages of the Wangzu and its adaptability and adaptability to the environment are actually much stronger than we think. Abundance will maintain or enhance its social influence. Especially with the continuous improvement of the market economic system, the gradual strengthening of civil forces, and the re-recognition of private property, Wuxi will not only produce a new look at the clan, the original look at the clan will be easier to re-emerge.
【学位授予单位】：上海大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：K29;C913.1
本文编号：2205542
[Abstract]:The evolution of the Wangzu has always been an issue of great concern in academia. However, previous studies of the Wangzu have tended to focus on the study of the Wangzu, and the study of the historical fate of the Wangzu in other periods, especially since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, is relatively weak and lacks comprehensive and systematic analysis.
In this paper, the Wuxi area since the Ming and Qing Dynasties as a whole to inspect the town of the Wangzu, with the near-modern social changes as the research background, in the framework of micro-power theory, interviews, case studies and other methods, combined with the analysis of historical data in Wuxi area, from the historical evolution of the Wangzu, development environment, structure and function. Starting with the social characteristics and the use of power in daily life, this paper combines static description with dynamic analysis to explore the motives, types, mechanisms and laws of the development and evolution of the city's famous clan in the course of rapid social changes, reveals the life scenes of the famous clan, reveals the interactive relationship between social changes and the evolution of the famous clan, and strives to be scientific and accurate. Appraise the historical status and function of the prominent family.
The logical starting point of this paper is to analyze the evolution of the Family through the study of power. The power in this study does not only refer to the legitimate power provided by the institutionalized bureaucratic organizations, but also the relationship between different forces formed in the process of possession and distribution of various opportunities and resources. This relationship exists in a series of events and interacts with each other. These events are highlighted in the process of interaction. Therefore, the development and evolution of Wangzu is the process of power operation, that is, the process of power resources capitalization.
This paper focuses on the analysis of various power strategies and techniques in the process of role transformation and status upgrade: (1) examining Qian's life experience to reproduce the power operation of Qian's family with knowledge and social relations as the main factors; (2) changing the former residence of Qin to reproduce the power operation with prestige and cultural resources as the main factors; (3) Tang's family business. The development reproduces the power operation mainly based on economic resources; (4) The circulation process of symbolic capital is reproduced with the clue of Yizhuang, ancestral hall and genealogy.
As a kind of cultural family, the characteristics of Wangzu lie in its humanism, which enables the Wangzu to maintain the family's sense of identity and retain the advantages of talent, thus providing a motive force for the self-survival of Wangzu.
Wangzu is the product of a specific historical stage, which is bound to have the track of prosperity and decline, but as actors, Wangzu has a strong adaptability and adaptability. The abolition of the imperial examination and the outbreak of the 1911 Revolution have impacted the ancient famous families, forcing them to embark on the road of adaptation and self-change, and overcome patriarchal clan law to a certain extent. Since the founding of the Communist Party of China, the various socialist practices carried out by the Communist Party of China have brought unprecedented shocks to the Family of Hope. The campaigns against the Three Anti-Five Evils, the Anti-Right Struggle and the Cultural Revolution have completely destroyed the traditional cultural structure and foreshadowed the decline of the family. This has prompted the Wangs to retain their traditional advantages and strong resilience in the social transformation. Even today, after the reform and opening up, their descendants still have political status, economic strength, social influence, academic attainments and career achievements.
On the basis of the above analysis, although the two social changes indicate that the fate of the Wangzu in Wuxi is inevitable, the traditional advantages of the Wangzu and its adaptability and adaptability to the environment are actually much stronger than we think. Abundance will maintain or enhance its social influence. Especially with the continuous improvement of the market economic system, the gradual strengthening of civil forces, and the re-recognition of private property, Wuxi will not only produce a new look at the clan, the original look at the clan will be easier to re-emerge.
【学位授予单位】：上海大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：K29;C913.1
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前3条
1 陈彬;宗教权威的建构与表达[D];上海大学;2007年
2 仲兆宏;晚清常州宗族与社会事业[D];苏州大学;2010年
3 农辉锋;木棉村“四清”运动[D];上海大学;2010年
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 宋佳女;家族网络、权势精英与地方政治[D];复旦大学;2008年
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