焦作社会生活史（1898-1949）

发布时间：2018-12-17 19:34

【摘要】：晚清民国是焦作地区由传统社会向现代社会转变的关键时期。焦作煤炭储量丰富,煤炭开采在日常生活中占据重要地位。十九世纪末,英帝国主义通过强权获得了在怀庆府治内的开采权,福公司进驻焦作之后,煤矿开采力度加大,矿业经济的发展带动了城市建设。人口增多,工商业迅速发展,文化事业也逐渐完善,社会风貌也发生了巨大而显著的变化。焦作经济的发展,吸引了大批人员前来做工,人口的聚集和需求的增加活跃了市场,商品化程度较高,社会生活的变迁因而更加迅速、明显。人们的物质生活有了极大的改善,社会生活最表层的服饰、饮食、居住、交通四个方面,变化最为明显。物质生活变化的同时,精神生活也在潜移默化中发生变化。除了传统的庙会、戏曲娱乐之外,新的娱乐方式如电影、公园、体育等也逐渐进入了日常生活,极大地丰富了人们的精神世界。婚俗、丧俗、节俗等呈现出文明时尚,但同时保留着就有的传统,并存在一些封建陋俗。焦作社会生活变迁呈现为传统与现代的双重变奏的特色,也是中西新旧思想交汇碰撞的结果。新式学堂的建立,尤其是焦作路矿学堂的建立,使得大批知识分子集聚焦作,增添了城市的文化氛围。公路、自来水、剧院、公园等城市基础设施逐步完善,加快了焦作城市化进程。以这段时间焦作为研究对象,系统再现焦作地区从晚清到建国前社会生活方面的细节,有利于弥补这一时期有关焦作人们生活状态研究的不足,更好把握焦作“以矿兴市”资源型城市发展的历史。
[Abstract]:The late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China were the key period of the transition from traditional society to modern society in Jiaozuo area. Jiaozuo coal reserves rich, coal mining in daily life occupies an important position. At the end of the 19th century, the British imperialists obtained the mining rights in the Huai Qing government by power. After the Fukuo company was stationed in Jiaozuo, the coal mining force increased, and the development of mining economy led to the urban construction. With the increase of population, the rapid development of industry and commerce, the gradual improvement of cultural undertakings, great and remarkable changes have taken place in social features. With the development of Jiaozuo economy, a large number of people come to work, the market is active with the population gathering and the demand increasing, the degree of commercialization is higher, and the change of social life is more rapid and obvious. People's material life has been greatly improved, the most obvious changes are in the four aspects of social life: clothing, diet, living and transportation. While the material life changes, the spiritual life also changes in the subtle change. In addition to traditional temple fairs, opera entertainment, new entertainment methods such as movies, parks, sports and so on have gradually entered into daily life, greatly enriched the spiritual world of people. Marriage custom, funeral custom, festival custom and so on present civilization fashion, but at the same time retains some tradition, and exists some feudal vulgar. The change of social life in Jiaozuo is characterized by the dual variation of tradition and modernity, and is also the result of the collision between Chinese and Western ideas. The establishment of new school, especially Jiaozuo Road School, makes a large number of intellectuals gather in Jiaozuo, adding to the cultural atmosphere of the city. Roads, tap water, theatres, parks and other urban infrastructure gradually improved, accelerating the urbanization process of Jiaozuo. Taking Jiaozuo as the research object during this period, the details of social life in Jiaozuo area from the late Qing Dynasty to the pre-founding period were systematically reproduced, which was helpful to make up for the deficiency of the study on the living conditions of the Jiaozuo people in this period. Better grasp the history of Jiaozuo's resource city development.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K29

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