中越边界广西段对汛研究

发布时间：2019-03-30 12:30

【摘要】： 对汛是中法双方在中越边境沿线双边设立的边境管理机构,是中法关系史和中国政治制度史上的一个重要问题,是近代中法有关中越边界划定的直接后果。中越边界的对汛机构设立于清末,经历了民国时期的发展演变,见证了中法两国关系的直接建立及清廷和民国政府对中国西南边疆治理政策的调整。因此,对其进行专题研究,有助于丰富中法关系史和近代中越关系史的内容,在中国近代政治制度史和广西地方史的研究方面具有重要价值。同时,对当代东南亚区域性合作及北部湾经济区发展规划的实施,促进广西与越南的边境贸易具有重要的历史借鉴和现实意义。本文系统考察了广西对汛机构设置的背景、设置的过程及其职责,民国时期广西对汛机构职能的演变、组织机构的完善、在对外交涉和边政建设中的作用。在中法关系上:清末中越边境双边对汛机构的设置是因中法战争后边境动荡不安,威胁到法越当局和清廷的统治,两者在镇压中越两国人民反抗这一问题上达成了共识,当时中法对汛的交涉都是围绕追捕所谓的“匪类”而起。另一方面因法方对中方存在敌视,且亡我之心不死,广西对汛机构驻扎边疆,推进边疆建设,客观上捍卫了国家领土主权的完整。民国时期由于中法关系的改善,中法双边对汛之间虽有冲突,但更多的是友好的对话、交流与合作,中越边境广西段相对安宁。因此,从双边对汛机构的交涉看,中法关系经历了从清末的敌视到民国时期的缓和两个阶段。在边政建设上:从广西对汛机构的职能看,清末的对汛机构旨在军事与外交。到了民国时期,除原有职责外,另具有司法权和行政权。广西对汛机构职能的转变,表明广西地方政府秉行南京中央政府之命,推行边政建设取得了一定成果。新桂系统一广西后,响应国民政府“抗战建国”的号召,大力整顿省政,提出“建设中国,复兴中国”的口号,在广西掀起边疆建设的热潮。广西对汛督办区从政治、经济与文化各方面推进与内地一体化的政策,从而促进了对汛区的开发与建设,捍卫了边疆,巩固了国防,对全国乃至全世界反法西斯战争的胜利发挥了应有的作用。清末民国时期广西对汛机构承载了中法关系过渡到中越关系的历程,两者相互联系,密不可分。民国时期,中法关系的改善,促进了中法对汛构之间的友好对话和交流,客观上延续与加强了中越人民的传统友谊,从而为共同摧毁法国的殖民主义奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:The flood season is a bilateral border management organization set up by China and France along the Sino-Vietnamese border, an important issue in the history of Sino-French relations and Chinese political system, and a direct consequence of the demarcation of Sino-Vietnamese border between China and France in modern times. The flood control institution on the border between China and Vietnam was established in the late Qing Dynasty and experienced the development and evolution of the period of the Republic of China. It witnessed the direct establishment of the relationship between China and France and the adjustment by the Qing court and the government of the Republic of China to the governance policy of the southwest frontier of China. Therefore, it is helpful to enrich the contents of the history of Sino-French relations and the history of modern Sino-Vietnamese relations, and is of great value in the study of modern Chinese political system history and the local history of Guangxi. At the same time, it is of great historical and practical significance to promote the border trade between Guangxi and Vietnam through the implementation of contemporary regional cooperation in Southeast Asia and the development plan of Beibu Gulf Economic Zone. This paper systematically examines the background, process and responsibilities of the establishment of Guangxi flood-control institutions, the evolution of Guangxi's functions of flood-control institutions during the Republic of China, the perfection of the organization, and its role in the negotiation of foreign affairs and the construction of border government. In relation to Sino-French relations: the establishment of bilateral flood agencies on the Sino-Vietnamese border at the end of the Qing Dynasty was due to the turbulent border after the Sino-French war, threatening the rule of the French and Vietnamese authorities and the Qing court, and both reached consensus on the issue of suppressing the resistance of the peoples of the two countries. At that time, the Sino-French negotiations about the flood all revolved around the pursuit of the so-called "gangsters." On the other hand, because the French side is hostile to the Chinese side and does not want to die, Guangxi flood control institutions stationed in the border areas, promote the construction of border areas, objectively defend the integrity of the state's territorial sovereignty. As a result of the improvement of Sino-French relations during the Republic of China, although there were conflicts between the two sides of the flood season, more friendly dialogue, exchanges and cooperation were found, and the Guangxi section of the Sino-Vietnamese border was relatively peaceful. Therefore, from the bilateral negotiations with flood agencies, Sino-French relations have experienced two stages, from hostility in the late Qing Dynasty to easing in the Republic of China. In the construction of border government: from the function of Guangxi flood control institution, the flood control institution of late Qing Dynasty aims at military affairs and diplomacy. In the period of the Republic of China, in addition to its original duties, it also had judicial and administrative powers. The transformation of the function of flood control organization in Guangxi shows that the local government of Guangxi has made some achievements in carrying out the construction of border administration in accordance with the order of the central government of Nanjing. In response to the call of the national government to "the Anti-Japanese War and the founding of the people's Republic of China", the new Guangxi system, vigorously rectifying the provincial government and putting forward the slogan of "building China, reviving China", set off an upsurge in the construction of border areas in Guangxi. Guangxi has promoted the policy of integration with the mainland from the political, economic and cultural aspects to the flood control area, thus promoting the development and construction of the flood area, defending the frontier and consolidating the national defense. It has played an important role in the victory of the anti-fascist war in the whole country and the whole world. During the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, Guangxi flood control institutions carried the course of the transition from Sino-French relations to Sino-Vietnamese relations, which were inextricably related to each other. During the period of the Republic of China, the improvement of Sino-French relations promoted the friendly dialogue and exchange between China and France to the flood structures, objectively continued and strengthened the traditional friendship between the Chinese and Vietnamese people, and thus laid the foundation for the common destruction of French colonialism.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K25;K29

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