论江西地方政府与裕民银行（1928年-1946年）
发布时间：2019-04-21 10:57
【摘要】： 1928年1月成立的江西裕民银行,是由官商共同出资兴办的江西地方性银行,因江西省府当局的重视和大力扶持,代理江西省国库和作为江西省金融网络的主要承担者,从而逐步成为江西省最大、最重要的地方性银行,在江西的金融和地方经济建设中发挥了重要作用,特别是“抗日战争”时期为江西战区做出了重大贡献。本文重点探究江西裕民银行与江西地方政府的关系,这种关系表现三个方面为:一、从官商合办到官府控制。裕民银行是在于江西省政府主导下创办的,经过发展,股本由官商合办,逐渐演变为官股为主,再到完全官股控制。随着股本的变化,相应的银行组织和人事机构也发生了系列变化。二、江西地方政府限制裕民银行业务。裕民银行的业务发展受制于江西省政府,江西裕民银行开行的前三年的业务范围受政府限制很大,自1932年以后裕民银行的业务范围逐渐扩大,1936年政府指定裕民银行为江西省金融网的主要承担者,使得裕民银行获得了较大的发展的空间和机遇,到“抗战”时期,政府对江西裕民银行的限制程度更大。三、裕民银行变为政府如意的财政工具。主要表现为:江西裕民银行弥补政府借贷款项的财政亏短、承担政府债券、筹集财政经费、代理公库、指定办理无利润的城乡小额贷款和要求注资政府形象工程等。 本文以历史唯物主义为指导,综合运用历史学、经济学理论,以民国江西1928年至1946年为研究背景,通过对江西裕民银行与江西地方政府的互动过程研究:一方面是江西裕民银行的发展依赖于江西地方政府,即严格的政府各项管理制度是江西裕民银行发展的基础,同时政府的大力支持又是江西裕民银行发展的有力保证;另一方面江西地方政府又对江西裕民银行发展有诸多政策制约,即政府对江西裕民银行独立发展所形成的障碍,双方在矛盾和合作中展开。现实是由历史发展而来,江西裕民银行对推动江西金融现代化的起到了一定的作用,因此研究当今江西银行和金融,无疑离不开对江西近代银行与地方政府关系的研究,而研究的作用和意义就在于以史为鉴、总结成败、比较得失,从而能够更好地处理好地方政府与银行的关系,银行要走向健康发展之路,就必须脱离政府的过度控制,必须走市场化和独立发展的道路。此外江西裕民银行对江西农村的金融网络建设的成功经验,为当今的“新农村建设”能提供一定的历史借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:Jiangxi Yumin Bank, which was established in January 1928, is a Jiangxi local bank funded jointly by government and business. Due to the importance and vigorous support of the provincial authorities in Jiangxi Province, it represents the state treasury of Jiangxi Province and acts as the main bearer of Jiangxi's financial network. Thus gradually become the largest and most important local banks in Jiangxi Province, played an important role in Jiangxi's financial and local economic construction, especially during the "War of Resistance against Japan" made a great contribution to Jiangxi's war zone. This paper focuses on the relationship between Jiangxi Yumin Bank and Jiangxi local government. The three aspects of the relationship are as follows: first, from the joint operation of government and business to the control of government. Yumin Bank was founded under the guidance of Jiangxi provincial government. After the development, the share capital was jointly organized by the government and business, gradually evolved into the official stock, and then to the complete control of the official stock. With the changes in equity, the corresponding banking organizations and personnel agencies have also undergone a series of changes. Second, Jiangxi local government restricted Yumin Bank business. The business development of Yumin Bank is restricted by the provincial government of Jiangxi Province. The business scope of Yumin Bank of Jiangxi Province in the first three years of its operation is greatly restricted by the government. Since 1932, the scope of business of Yumin Bank has gradually expanded. In 1936, the government designated Yumin Bank as the main bearer of Jiangxi Financial Network, which made Yumin Bank gain more space and opportunity for development. In the period of "Anti-Japanese War", the government restricted Yumin Bank to a greater extent. Third, Yumin Bank has become the government's desired fiscal instrument. The main performances are as follows: Jiangxi Yumin Bank makes up for the short financial deficit of government borrowing funds, undertakes government bonds, raises financial funds, represents public coffers, designates non-profit urban and rural micro-loans, and requests capital injection for government image projects, and so on. Under the guidance of historical materialism, this paper makes comprehensive use of historical and economic theories, and takes Jiangxi from 1928 to 1946 as the research background. Through the research on the interactive process between Jiangxi Yumin Bank and Jiangxi local government: on the one hand, the development of Jiangxi Yumin Bank depends on Jiangxi local government, that is, the strict government management system is the foundation of Jiangxi Yumin Bank's development. At the same time, the strong support of the government is the strong guarantee of the development of Jiangxi Yumin Bank; On the other hand, the local government of Jiangxi has many policy constraints on the development of Jiangxi Yumin Bank, that is, the obstacles formed by the government to the independent development of Jiangxi Yumin Bank, and the two sides are in contradiction and cooperation. The reality is from the historical development, Jiangxi Yumin Bank has played a certain role in promoting Jiangxi's financial modernization, so the study of Jiangxi banking and finance today is undoubtedly inseparable from the study of the relationship between Jiangxi modern banks and local governments. And the role and significance of the research lies in drawing lessons from history, summing up success or failure, comparing gains and losses, so as to better handle the relationship between local governments and banks. If banks want to move towards healthy development, they must break away from the excessive control of the government. We must take the road of market-oriented and independent development. In addition, the successful experience of Jiangxi Yumin Bank in the construction of Jiangxi rural financial network can provide some historical reference for the "new rural construction" today.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：F832.9;K29
本文编号：2462133
[Abstract]:Jiangxi Yumin Bank, which was established in January 1928, is a Jiangxi local bank funded jointly by government and business. Due to the importance and vigorous support of the provincial authorities in Jiangxi Province, it represents the state treasury of Jiangxi Province and acts as the main bearer of Jiangxi's financial network. Thus gradually become the largest and most important local banks in Jiangxi Province, played an important role in Jiangxi's financial and local economic construction, especially during the "War of Resistance against Japan" made a great contribution to Jiangxi's war zone. This paper focuses on the relationship between Jiangxi Yumin Bank and Jiangxi local government. The three aspects of the relationship are as follows: first, from the joint operation of government and business to the control of government. Yumin Bank was founded under the guidance of Jiangxi provincial government. After the development, the share capital was jointly organized by the government and business, gradually evolved into the official stock, and then to the complete control of the official stock. With the changes in equity, the corresponding banking organizations and personnel agencies have also undergone a series of changes. Second, Jiangxi local government restricted Yumin Bank business. The business development of Yumin Bank is restricted by the provincial government of Jiangxi Province. The business scope of Yumin Bank of Jiangxi Province in the first three years of its operation is greatly restricted by the government. Since 1932, the scope of business of Yumin Bank has gradually expanded. In 1936, the government designated Yumin Bank as the main bearer of Jiangxi Financial Network, which made Yumin Bank gain more space and opportunity for development. In the period of "Anti-Japanese War", the government restricted Yumin Bank to a greater extent. Third, Yumin Bank has become the government's desired fiscal instrument. The main performances are as follows: Jiangxi Yumin Bank makes up for the short financial deficit of government borrowing funds, undertakes government bonds, raises financial funds, represents public coffers, designates non-profit urban and rural micro-loans, and requests capital injection for government image projects, and so on. Under the guidance of historical materialism, this paper makes comprehensive use of historical and economic theories, and takes Jiangxi from 1928 to 1946 as the research background. Through the research on the interactive process between Jiangxi Yumin Bank and Jiangxi local government: on the one hand, the development of Jiangxi Yumin Bank depends on Jiangxi local government, that is, the strict government management system is the foundation of Jiangxi Yumin Bank's development. At the same time, the strong support of the government is the strong guarantee of the development of Jiangxi Yumin Bank; On the other hand, the local government of Jiangxi has many policy constraints on the development of Jiangxi Yumin Bank, that is, the obstacles formed by the government to the independent development of Jiangxi Yumin Bank, and the two sides are in contradiction and cooperation. The reality is from the historical development, Jiangxi Yumin Bank has played a certain role in promoting Jiangxi's financial modernization, so the study of Jiangxi banking and finance today is undoubtedly inseparable from the study of the relationship between Jiangxi modern banks and local governments. And the role and significance of the research lies in drawing lessons from history, summing up success or failure, comparing gains and losses, so as to better handle the relationship between local governments and banks. If banks want to move towards healthy development, they must break away from the excessive control of the government. We must take the road of market-oriented and independent development. In addition, the successful experience of Jiangxi Yumin Bank in the construction of Jiangxi rural financial network can provide some historical reference for the "new rural construction" today.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：F832.9;K29
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 余张茜;熊式辉政治“剿匪”与中共第五次反“围剿”失败[D];江西师范大学;2011年
2 徐攀;晚清至民国时期赣南地区借贷关系研究[D];赣南师范学院;2013年
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