北朝佛教释游略论

发布时间：2017-12-31 10:06

本文关键词：北朝佛教释游略论　出处：《浙江工商大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：南北朝时代是中国战乱频发、分裂割据的时代,同时也是思想自由、文化碰撞、多元一体的时代。佛教于此之际,大行其道,为中华文化注入了新鲜的血液。佛教文化的影响上至帝王将相,下至黎明百姓不所不及,对当时的天文、地理、气象历法、医学、生死观念都产生了重大影响,其中值得一提的是佛教对北朝旅游者的旅游活动产生了深远影响。直至今天,我们所能见到的莫高窟、西千佛洞、榆林窟、文殊山石窟、马蹄寺石窟、炳灵寺石窟、义县万佛堂、云岗石窟、龙门石窟、巩县石窟、天龙山石窟、南北响堂山石窟、麦积山石窟、栖霞山石窟就是活生生的文化产物。在北朝佛教释游的进程中,魏世诸王起了至关重要的作用。因魏之先世起于北国,与西域殊绝,莫能往来,故而浮屠之教,从未有闻,直至入主中国。在统治过程中,佛教所宣扬的隐忍的处世方式、清淡的生活方式、相对简单的持戒方式,符合了统治者的胃口,因而也得到了高层人士的推崇。北魏文成以后,献文、孝文都崇信佛教。帝王的宠幸,士人的推崇,加之北国战乱频发,政权更迭,深处乱世的黎明百姓,急需一宗教信仰来调节自己的内心世界。这样一来就开山凿石,建塑立像也就不难理解了。正是北朝佛教的这种重视实践、讲究福田,才形成了别具一格的北朝佛教的释游文化。可以毫不夸张的说当时西来东去的高僧大德不计其数,其中有奉魏世太后皇帝之命的、也有自发西去的,他们中绝大多数者是为弘扬佛法而不远万里的游走中西交通之间。同时在处在社会下层的民间地头,还有很多默默无闻的游化僧行走其间。从那连提黎耶舍到阁那崛多,随着政权的更迭,佛教隆兴也在北朝中西地区之间不断变化。有学者利用实证证明北齐的佛教文化远胜北周佛教。从社会发展角度审视,北朝时期正是佛教释游文化的影响下,无论是从都城洛阳的建筑布局,到丝绸之路上的旅行使者,还是上至北朝士人贵族下至黎明百姓的饮食结构都具有划时代的深刻变化。
[Abstract]:The Southern and Northern dynasties was a time of frequent war and fragmentation in China, as well as a time of freedom of thought, cultural collision and pluralism. The influence of Buddhist culture was from the emperor to the general, and down to the dawn, which had a great influence on astronomy, geography, meteorological calendar, medicine, and the concept of life and death. It is worth mentioning that Buddhism had a profound impact on the tourist activities of the Northern Dynasty. Until today, we can see the Mogao Grottoes, the West Qianfo Cave, the Yulin Grottoes, the Manjushan Grottoes, and the Mateu Temple Grottoes. Bingling Temple Grottoes, Yixian Wanfatang, Yungang Grottoes, Longmen Grottoes, Gongxian Grottoes, Tianlongshan Grottoes, North and South Xiangtang Grottoes, Maijishan Grottoes, Qixia Mountain Grottoes are living cultural products. In the process of Buddhism interpretation in the Northern Dynasty, the kings of the Wei Dynasty played a vital role. In the process of ruling, Buddhism preached a way of living with patience, a light way of life, and a relatively simple way of holding precepts, which was in line with the taste of the rulers. Therefore also got the high level personage's esteem. After the Northern Wei Dynasty Wen Cheng, presents the article, the filial piety Wen all worships the Buddhism. The emperor's favor, the scholar's esteem, in addition to the north country war frequent occurrence, the regime change, the deep disorderly times dawn common people. A religious belief is urgently needed to regulate their inner world. In this way, it is not difficult to understand how to build a stone and build a statue. It is the practice of Buddhism in the Northern Dynasty that pays attention to Futian. It was only then that the Buddhism of the Northern Dynasty formed a unique culture of Buddhism. It is no exaggeration to say that at that time, there were countless senior monks from the west to the east, some of whom were ordered by the emperor of the Wei dynasty, and some went to the west spontaneously. Most of them traveled thousands of miles between China and the West to promote the Dharma. At the same time, they were in the lower level of the society in the folk land. And there were many unknown wandering monks in the midst of the journey, from Narentiesher to the pavilion, with the change of power. Buddhism Longxing is also changing between the western and western areas of the Northern Dynasty. Some scholars have proved that the Buddhist culture of the Northern Qi Dynasty is far better than that of the Northern Zhou Buddhism. From the point of view of social development, the Northern Dynasty period is under the influence of Buddhism Shiyou culture, whether from the architectural layout of the capital Luoyang, to the travel emissary on the Silk Road. Or from the Northern Dynasty aristocrats to the dawn of the people's diet has epoch-making profound changes.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：B949;K239.2

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