三道沟事件与朝鲜的应对

发布时间：2018-01-26 11:58

本文关键词： 中朝关系国境管理越境交涉三道沟事件　出处：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中朝两国国土相连,越境交涉是中朝宗藩关系发展过程中的关键问题,也是中朝国境管理的重要内容。中朝边民越境问题长期存在,朝鲜边民越境采参在清入关前就时有发生,入关以后,朝鲜边民越境事件的发生更加频繁。其中,三道沟事件发生于康熙二十四年(1685),这一事件的严重程度、处罚力度及影响深度在朝鲜边民的越境案件中都具有代表性,是中朝越境交涉态度由严厉到宽容的转折点,对朝鲜社会及朝清间国境地带的管理产生了重要的影响。在中朝宗藩关系发展的过程中,清朝对朝鲜的国防政策、朝鲜利用清朝政策在国境地带保持瓯脱的举措,以及长期以来朝鲜边民越境采参的状况是两国间边务纠纷产生的重要背景。中朝日间人参贸易的进行是导致边民越境采参的根本原因,朝鲜的人参政策是边民越境问题始终不绝的重要原因,而中朝边界的模糊、边民生活的困苦、边境守备的不足则是朝鲜边民越境采参的具体原因。三道沟事件正是在这一背景与原因下发生的。康熙二十四年(1685)八月,清朝派驻防协领勒楚等再次查踏长白山地区,行至鸭绿江上游三道沟(今吉林省临江市猫耳山附近)一带时,与朝鲜越境采参的边民相遇被袭,造成人员伤亡,酿成朝清间重大犯越案件,引发严重交涉。案件发生后清朝降敕谕、派查使,采取严厉态度处理这一案件,最终采用先严后宽、严宽相济的做法,造成越境朝鲜边民主犯处斩,从犯免死、减等发落,地方官革职、降级,朝鲜国王罚银二万两的结果。此案过后,朝鲜采取了一系列防止边民越境的措施,同时也产生了较为深远的影响。在加强边境守备的同时确立参禁政策,禁断人参采贩,这不但使朝鲜西北边地发展迟缓,武备废弛,更令朝鲜的对外贸易断绝、税收下降、商业不兴,人民生活更加困苦,可谓国用民生两难。
[Abstract]:China and North Korea are connected to each other and cross-border negotiation is a key issue in the development of Sino-Korean suzerain-vassal relations and an important part of border management between China and North Korea. The problem of border crossing between China and North Korea has existed for a long time. The border crossing of Korea occurred frequently before the entry of the customs. After entering the customs, the border crossing of the Korean border occurred more frequently. Among them, the Sandaogou incident occurred in the 24th year of Kangxi, 1685). The severity of this incident, the intensity of punishment and the depth of influence are representative in the cross-border cases of Korean border people, which is the turning point of the attitude of Sino-DPRK cross-border negotiations from severe to tolerant. During the development of the Sino-Korean Suzerain-vassal relationship, the Qing Dynasty's national defense policy toward Korea was greatly influenced by the Korean society and the management of the frontier area between the Qing Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. North Korea used the Qing Dynasty policy to maintain Outuo off the border. And for a long time, the situation of Korean border people taking ginseng across the border is the important background of border affairs disputes between the two countries. The trade of ginseng between China and North Korea is the fundamental reason leading to border people crossing the border to collect ginseng. Korea's ginseng policy is an important reason for the border people crossing the border, but the border between China and Korea is blurred, and the border people live in hardship. The lack of border guard is the specific reason for the North Korean border people to cross the border. Sandaogou incident occurred in this context and reasons. Kangxi 24 years 1685) August. In the Qing Dynasty, when the Qing Dynasty stationed the Central Defense Association, Le Chu, and so on, once again inspected the Changbai Mountain area and went to the Sandaogou area in the upper reaches of the Yalu River (near the Maoershan area of Linjiang City, Jilin Province), it was attacked with the border people who had crossed the border from North Korea to collect ginseng, resulting in casualties. The case led to serious negotiations between the Qing Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty, which led to serious negotiations. After the case occurred, the Qing Dynasty came down to order, sent an envoy, took a stern attitude to deal with the case, and finally adopted the method of first tightening and then lenient, strict and lenient. After this case, North Korea adopted a series of measures to prevent border people from crossing the border. After this case, North Korea took a series of measures to prevent border people from crossing the border. At the same time, it also had a more far-reaching impact. At the same time, it established the policy of taking part in and banning ginseng peddlers, which not only slowed the development of the northwestern border of Korea, but also cut off North Korea's foreign trade. Lower taxes, less business, and more hardship for the people are the dilemmas of the nation's livelihood.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K249.2

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