清军对索伦部的统一与索伦鄂温克人的迁徙

发布时间：2018-02-17 07:28

本文关键词： 清朝索伦部统一索伦鄂温克人迁徙　出处：《黑龙江民族丛刊》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】："鄂温克"是鄂温克人的自称。鄂温克族由于历史上的不断迁徙和分散居住,加之交通不便,互相来往少,始终处于隔绝状态,逐渐形成了区域性的经济和生活,曾被其他民族分别称为"索伦""通古斯""雅库特"等。明朝万历年间,建州女真部的努尔哈赤为了解除后顾之忧,开始统一东海诸部以及黑龙江上、中游诸部。由于当时黑龙江上、中游索伦部区域的地理位置是决定征明战争胜利与否的因素之一,亟待解决的问题就是统一索伦部等北方诸部,因此清军先后发动了三次统一索伦部的战争。之后由于俄国侵略军不断地在精奇里江、黑龙江流域进行殖民活动,居住在这里的索伦鄂温克人不能安居乐业,生命财产的安全受到了威胁。而且清朝政府主要忙于统一中原的战争,不能抽出兵力来支援当地居民进行抗俄的斗争。因此,居住在精奇里江和黑龙江流域的索伦鄂温克人开始离开故乡向嫩江流域迁徙。
[Abstract]:"Ewenki" is the self-proclaimed of the Ewenki people. As a result of the continuous migration and scattered residence in history and the inconvenience of transportation, the Ewenki people have always been isolated from each other and gradually formed a regional economy and life. Once called "Soren," "Tungus," "Yakut" and so on. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Nulhach, of the Ministry of Nu Zhen of Jianzhou, began to unify the ministries of the East China Sea and the Heilongjiang River in order to relieve his worries. At that time, the geographical location of the Soren region in the middle reaches of the Heilongjiang River was one of the factors determining the victory of the Ming War. The problem to be solved urgently was the unification of the Sauron and other northern ministries. As a result, the Qing army launched three wars to unify the Soren Ministry. Later, because the Russian invading troops carried out colonization activities in the Jingchili River and the Heilongjiang River valley, the Soren Ewenki people living here could not live and work in peace and contentment. The security of life and property was threatened. Moreover, the Qing government was mainly engaged in the war of unification of the Central Plains and could not draw out troops to support the local people in their struggle against Russia. The Soren Ewenki, who lived in the Jingchili and Heilongjiang rivers, began to migrate from their hometown to the Nenjiang River.
【作者单位】：黑龙江省民族研究所;
【基金】：黑龙江省民族研究所“十三五”重要课题阶段性成果
【分类号】：K249

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