嘉道时期皖北地区灾荒研究

发布时间：2018-02-20 16:35

本文关键词： 嘉道时期皖北自然灾害灾荒赈济　出处：《内蒙古大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 嘉道时期皖北各种自然灾害发生频繁,包括水灾、旱灾、蝗灾、冰雹、风灾、地震、瘟疫等,而且有时间长、频次高、地域广、灾情重和多灾并发等特点。这一时期皖北灾害频繁的原因包括自然因素和社会因素,除了气候和地理环境等自然因素的影响,生态环境的破坏、水利工程失修、漕运的负面影响、吏治腐败等社会因素也对灾荒的发生起了推波助澜的作用,而黄河夺淮是最重要的影响因素。频繁发生的灾荒对当时的皖北社会造成了极为消极的影响。灾荒使人们生命财产遭受巨大损失,严重破坏了皖北的社会经济,皖北民风也日益消极,社会矛盾不断激化,成为捻军起义的直接和基本原因之一。面对严重的灾荒,政府和民间都采取了一系列措施对灾区进行赈济。政府在赈灾中依然处于主导地位,但由于国力衰落、财政匮乏和吏治腐败,赈灾效果大打折扣,而民间救济在灾荒救济中发挥了积极的作用。灾荒是影响皖北历史发展进程的重要问题。清代嘉庆、道光时期皖北地区灾害频发,对皖北经济的发展、政治的安定和社会的进步带来了长久的负面影响,直到今天它依然困扰着皖北经济和社会的协调发展,而且成为该地区长期贫困与落后的根源。因此,如何总结经验、把握规律、抗灾减灾、推动生产就成为摆在皖北人民面前的一个长期的重大课题。希望本文能就此提供一点有益的借鉴。
[Abstract]:In the Jia Dao period various frequent natural disasters, including floods, droughts, locusts, hail, storms, earthquakes, plagues, and a long time, high frequency, wide geographical characteristics, disaster and more complicated disaster. The reason why Anhui disasters frequently include natural factors and social factors, in addition to the impact of climate the geographical environment and other natural factors, the destruction of the ecological environment, water conservancy project, the negative influence of water transport, official corruption and other social factors also play an important role in the occurrence, while the Yellow River won the Huai is the most important factor. The frequent occurrence of famine caused a very negative impact on the northern Anhui the famine caused society. People's life and property suffered huge losses, serious damage to the northern Anhui economy, Anhui increasingly negative customs, social conflicts intensified, becoming one of the direct and basic reason of the Nien rebellion. In the face of serious famine, government and civil society have taken a series of measures to aid the disaster areas. The government is still in a dominant position in relief, but because of national decline, lack of financial and political corruption, disaster relief and civil relief effect, play a positive role in disaster relief.
Famine is an important issue affecting the development process in history. In the Qing Dynasty Jiaqing and Daoguang period in Northern Anhui disasters, the development of Anhui economy, brings negative effect lasting political stability and social progress, until today it is still beset with the coordinated development of economy and society, but also becomes the long-term poverty and backwardness of the region root. Therefore, how to sum up experience, grasp the law, disaster mitigation, promote the production has become a major issue in the long term in front of people. I hope it will provide some useful reference.

【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K249.3

【引证文献】