复古与革新的错位:对北宋天地分祭与合祭之争的再探讨

发布时间：2018-03-13 08:51

本文选题：北宋　切入点：郊祀　出处：《文史哲》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：祭祀天地是中国古代帝王的特权与神圣义务。北宋时期,宋神宗熙丰变法时期对礼制的改革,引发了关于郊祀礼的激烈争论,争论的焦点是天地应该分祭还是合祭。伴随着北宋中后期最高当权者的更迭和新旧党争的形势变化,这场争论也不断反复。在这个过程中,以恢复古礼相标榜而主张天地分祭的许多新党,表现为食古不化的保守,而以适应宋朝现实为依据,主张实行天地合祭的许多旧党,却表现出与时俱进的革新精神。由于时代变迁、财力的局限和皇帝事务的繁忙,按照古礼恢复天地分祭的主张已难于实行,天地合祭,皇帝每三年亲祀一次,遂成为宋朝郊祀礼的主流。宋人对天地分祭与合祭的争论既是礼制、学术之争,更牵涉北宋中后期的党争,从一个侧面彰显了宋朝士大夫政治的时代特色。
[Abstract]:Sacrifice to heaven and earth is the privilege and sacred duty of ancient Chinese emperors. During the Northern Song Dynasty, the reform of the ritual system during the period of Xifeng Reform of the Song Shenzong led to a heated debate about the ritual of suburban worship. The focus of the debate is whether heaven and earth should be divided into sacrifices or confetti. Along with the change of the highest power in the late Northern Song Dynasty and the changes in the situation between the old and the new parties, the controversy has been repeated. In this process, Many of the new parties, which promote the restoration of ancient rites and advocate the sharing of sacrifices between heaven and earth, are shown as conservative and conservative, while many old parties, based on adapting to the reality of the Song Dynasty, advocate the practice of heaven and earth and offering sacrifices to heaven and earth. Due to the change of times, the limitation of financial resources and the busy of the emperor's affairs, it was difficult to carry out the idea of resuming the sacrifice of heaven and earth according to the ancient rites, and the emperor gave sacrifices to the emperor every three years. So it became the mainstream of the ritual in the suburbs of the Song Dynasty. The controversy between the sacrifice of heaven and earth and the sacrifice of heaven and earth was not only the dispute of etiquette and academic, but also the party dispute in the middle and late period of Northern Song Dynasty, which showed the characteristics of the times of the politics of literati and bureaucrats in the Song Dynasty.
【作者单位】：河北大学宋史研究中心;扬州市江都区丁沟中学;
【基金】：河北大学中国史一流学科建设经费资助
【分类号】：K244

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