秦、汉初徭役对象及相关问题

发布时间：2018-06-22 15:12

本文选题：秦 + 汉初　；参考：《鲁东大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文在梳理学术史的基础上，集中针对秦、汉初徭役对象涉及的几个问题进行了考论，认为“傅”的含义有广义和狭义之分：广义指徭役而言，，而狭义则应视具体情况而定，如景帝二年“男子二十而得傅”中“傅”指傅籍为“正卒”；傅籍对象不仅包括普通编户民，而且包括一部分刑徒。因此，在正常情况下，汉初徭役征派的对象不仅包括普通编户民，而且还包括一部分刑徒。具体而言，实际服徭役的主体人群包括公士、公卒、士伍、司寇、隐官子。秦至汉初七十余年间，官府在征派徭役对象时，除年龄因素外，一直参用身高因素。“士伍”包含两层含义：一方面指没有爵位（无爵和夺爵）的个体身份，另一方面指主要服役人群。文章还辨析了松柏汉墓53号木牍中所见之“使大男”，认为这一称谓亦具有两层含义：首先它是一个个体概念，指身体发育状况及劳动能力符合“正丁”需要而未达始傅年龄的应役者，年龄大约介于十五岁到二十岁之间；其次它也是一个群体概念，指在徭役征发过程中未达始傅年龄的应役者与“正丁”所构成的集体的统称。
[Abstract]:On the basis of combing the academic history, this paper focuses on several problems involved in the corvee objects of Qin and Han dynasties, and holds that the meaning of "Fu" is divided into broad sense and narrow sense: the broad sense refers to the corvee, while the narrow sense should depend on the specific situation. For example, "Fu" refers to Fu Ji as a "regular pawn" in "Men's Twenty Fu" in two years, and the object of Fu is not only ordinary household editor, but also a part of the criminal. Therefore, under normal circumstances, the objects of the corvee in the early Han Dynasty included not only the ordinary people, but also a part of the criminals. Concretely speaking, the main crowd of actual corvee includes official, juniors, Shi Wu, Si Kou, hidden official son. In the first seventy years of Qin to Han Dynasty, the government used height factor in addition to the age factor when collecting and dispatching the corvee objects. The term "Shiwu" has two meanings: on the one hand, it refers to the individual status without title (no rank and title), on the other hand, it refers to the main service group. The article also analyzes the "Cheng Da Men", which is seen in No. 53 wooden slips in the Tomb of Songbai Han Dynasty, and thinks that this title also has two meanings: first, it is an individual concept. Refers to persons whose physical development and ability to work meet the needs of "Zhengding" and who have not attained the age of first assignment, between the ages of 15 and 20; secondly, it is also a group concept, Refers to the process of corvee in the process of not reaching the age of conscripts and "Zhengding" constitute the collective name.
【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K242

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