宋代地方监察制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 09:17

本文选题：宋代 + 地方　；参考：《湘潭大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：宋代有两级地方监察机构：路级和州级。路级的监察机构有：转运司、提点刑狱司、提举常平司和走马承受。宋初，因军事需要而设立转运使，太宗以后其职权不断扩大。淳化二年，统治者为了分化转运使的权力设置提点刑狱司。提举常平司设置于王安石变法时期，与转运、提点二司分管诸路财政，，并监察地方官吏。走马承受实乃皇帝安排在地方的耳目，负责密察地方官的举动。通判厅是宋州一级的监察机构，始置于乾德元年，主要负责州级监察事务。宋各监司之间互不统属，职权互有交叉，但主次分明，形成了错综复杂的关系。这在一定程度上对地方行政的运行和国家统治的稳定，起到了积极作用。但是，监察机构过多所造成的混乱，又给监察机构的正常运转造成一定的困难。在宋地方监察制度中，各级监察机构都要受到严密的监察，形成了纵横交错的监察网。其在消除地方割据、缓和社会矛盾、稳定地方统治等方面发挥了重要作用，也对后世产生深远影响。但是，官员互兼、职权分散、行政效率低、腐败日益严重，最终导致宋王朝走向灭亡。
[Abstract]:There were two levels of local supervision in the Song Dynasty: road level and state level. Road-level supervision agencies are: the Department of Transportation, put forward the Department of Prisons, the Department of ordinary Ping and horse bearing. In the early Song Dynasty, transshipment was established because of military needs, and the powers of Taizong continued to expand. Chunhua two years, rulers in order to divide the transfer of power to set up a prison department. Changping Division was set up in the Wang Anshi reform period, and transshipment, the second division in charge of the various roads and finance, and the supervision of local officials. It was the emperor's eyes and ears arranged by the emperor to observe the actions of the local officials. The general contracting department is a state-level supervisory agency, which was placed in the year of the Qiande Yuan Dynasty and was mainly responsible for state-level supervision. In Song Dynasty, there was no unity of authority and authority, but the main and secondary were distinct, forming a complicated relationship. To a certain extent, this has played a positive role in the operation of local administration and the stability of state rule. However, the confusion caused by the excessive number of supervisory organizations makes it difficult for them to run normally. In the local supervision system of Song Dynasty, all levels of supervision institutions must be closely monitored, forming a crisscross supervision network. It has played an important role in eliminating local segregation, easing social contradictions and stabilizing local rule, and has had a profound impact on later generations. However, the officials were divided, the administrative efficiency was low, and the corruption became more and more serious, which led to the death of the Song Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D929

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