明清时期徽州地区的茶叶传说及其民俗

发布时间：2018-07-11 10:48

本文选题：徽州 + 明清　；参考：《安徽大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国传统文化博大精深,茶文化是其中十分重要的组成部分。如果说,文化差异性可以用“十里不同风,百里不同俗”来划分,那么,世界上就没有任何两种文化是类似或相同的了。然而并非如此,世界上却有如此一种文化,它足以拉近世界之间的距离,无疑,这种伟大的文化就是——茶文化。众所周知,茶叶有着几千年的历史,中国也是世界公认的茶叶的发源地和茶文化的发源地。茶叶有保健功能,也有陶冶情操的作用。自唐朝茶为国饮始,茶叶开始逐渐外销出口,赢得了世界的好评。如今,世界各地到处都有中国茶的足迹,世界上无论何处,或饮茶、或种茶、或茶道都与中国有近似之处,表现最为明显的当属与中国一衣带水的邻国日本。尽管日本的茶道世界闻名,但无疑也是源于中国。明清时期中国茶叶发展十分迅速,对世界的茶叶市场有着巨大的影响,徽州地区也在明清时期创制和生产了历史名茶,给当地经济的迅速发展和文化的频繁交流带来了十分积极的影响。中国是文明古国,’礼仪之邦,重礼节。在中国,客来敬茶必不可少,茶叶已经成为中国待客的一种高雅艺术和社交活动。在饮茶时也可适当佐以茶食、糖果、菜肴等,达到调节口味和点心之功效。徽州地区亦是如此。本文在明清时期徽州地区茶叶迅速发展的时代背景下,对徽州地区茶叶的种植、生产、采摘、饮用等习俗进行初步调查研究。徽州地区产茶,人们的生产、生活都离不开茶,明朝时期便有“人固不可一日无茶之说”。徽州人爱茶,也懂茶,在品饮过程中形成了较为固定的饮用习俗,也为后来出现的茶道、茶艺奠定了坚实的基础。本文首先对徽州名茶太平猴魁、黄山毛峰、松萝茶、祁门红茶等茶叶的历史、传说故事进行了搜集、整理,它们具有的传奇性色彩充分展现了劳动人民对徽州名茶的重视程度可见一斑；其次对徽州地区相关茶俗进行了简要的介绍,内容包括茶谚、茶谣、采茶歌、采茶舞、敬茶及饮茶习俗、茶亭及茶联等,从人们日常生活中探寻茶叶的重要作用；再次,本文还针对徽州地区重要仪式及礼仪方面茶叶的使用进行了罗列和研究,比如说徽州地区重要的岁时节令、人生仪礼(诞生礼、婚丧嫁娶等)、祭祀等重要仪式中的茶,其中徽州地区记载最多的和记录最详细的则是婚礼中茶的出现,如“三茶六礼”等,这充分说明了徽州人对茶叶“不可移植”的认识以及对忠贞不渝的美好愿望,也说明了茶叶是徽州人婚礼中充当了不可替代的物品；最后,本文对徽州地区名茶被评为国家级非物质文化遗产项目名录进行了简单介绍,并阐释了如何对徽州地区太平猴魁、祁门红茶等茶叶非物质文化遗产的传承与保护,对如何保证徽州地区绿茶、红茶制作工艺的延续提出了一点思考。总之,本文总体上对明清时期徽州地区的茶俗进行了简单的阐述和研究。
[Abstract]:Chinese traditional culture is extensive and profound, tea culture is a very important part of it. If cultural differences can be divided by "ten li different wind, a hundred miles different customs", then no two cultures in the world are similar or identical. However, there is such a culture in the world, it is enough to draw the distance between the world, no doubt, this great culture is-tea culture. As we all know, tea has a history of thousands of years, and China is also recognized as the birthplace of tea and the birthplace of tea culture. Tea has the function of health care, also has the function of edifying sentiment. Since the Tang Dynasty tea for the country began, tea began to export gradually, won the praise of the world. Nowadays, there are footprints of Chinese tea everywhere in the world. Everywhere in the world, tea drinking, growing tea, or tea ceremony are similar to China, the most obvious of which is Japan, a neighboring country with a narrow strip of water. Although Japan's tea ceremony is famous all over the world, it is undoubtedly derived from China. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Chinese tea developed very rapidly and had a great influence on the world tea market. Huizhou region also created and produced historic tea during the Ming and Qing dynasties. The rapid development of local economy and frequent cultural exchanges have brought a very positive impact. China is a country of ancient civilization and respect for etiquette. Tea has become an elegant art and social activity in China. Tea can also be supplemented with tea food, candy, dishes and so on, to regulate the taste and dim sum effect. The same is true of Huizhou. Under the background of the rapid development of tea in Huizhou during the Ming and Qing dynasties, this paper makes a preliminary investigation and study on the customs of tea planting, production, picking and drinking in Huizhou. Huizhou tea production, people's production, life can not be separated from tea, the Ming Dynasty, there was "people can not be a day without tea." Huizhou people love tea, also know tea, in the process of drinking formed a relatively fixed drinking custom, but also for the subsequent emergence of tea ceremony, tea has laid a solid foundation. In this paper, the history and legend of famous Huizhou tea, such as Taiping Houkui Tea, Huangshan Maofeng, pineapple tea, Keemun Black Tea and so on, are collected and sorted out. Their legendary color fully shows the degree of attention the working people attach to Huizhou famous tea. Secondly, they briefly introduce the relevant tea customs in Huizhou region, including tea proverbs, tea ballads, tea picking songs, tea dance, etc. The customs of respecting and drinking tea, tea kiosks and tea couplets explore the important role of tea from people's daily life. Thirdly, this paper also lists and studies the use of tea in Huizhou area in terms of important rituals and rituals. For example, tea in important rituals such as the festival at the age of Huizhou, the ritual of life (birth ceremony, marriage and funeral marriage, etc.), sacrifice, and other important rituals, among which the most recorded and detailed ones in Huizhou are the appearance of tea in the wedding. Such as "three tea and six rituals", this fully explains Huizhou people's understanding of tea "not transplantable" and their good desire for loyalty, and also shows that tea is an irreplaceable item in Huizhou people's wedding; finally, This paper briefly introduces the list of famous tea in Huizhou as a national intangible cultural heritage project, and explains how to inherit and protect the intangible cultural heritage of Huizhou tea, such as Taiping Houkui Tea, Keemun Black Tea, etc. How to ensure the continuation of Huizhou green tea, black tea production technology put forward some thoughts. In a word, this paper makes a brief exposition and research on the tea customs of Huizhou area in Ming and Qing dynasties.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K248;TS971

【参考文献】