论北魏军镇体制与六镇豪强酋帅

发布时间：2018-07-27 11:31

【摘要】：六镇是以北族部落为主要社会组织形式、实行军镇体制管理的"胡化"社会。镇城是六镇军事、政治及经济中心,北族部落围绕镇城城戍呈点状分布。主导六镇社会秩序的六镇豪帅分为两类:一类是作为北魏统治六镇的核心力量、掌握军镇权力的良家豪帅;另一类是承担兵源赋役调发,以被征服者身份迁至六镇的高车等北族部落豪帅。良家豪帅大多出身于北魏统治集团的中下层,徙居六镇后,就已成为势力局限于六镇的边地豪帅。迁都洛阳等一系列汉化改革,虽没有降低良家豪帅军镇内的政治地位,但也使其群体无法借官爵跻身于门阀士族行列。对北魏拉拢的少数势力强大的高车等北族部落豪帅而言,汉化改革意味着其群体在北魏国家和军镇内政治地位的剧降。六镇部落化、"胡化"、军事化的地域特性,使其无法进行军镇改州,相反却成为军镇体制维持强化的地区。乡里对六镇豪帅而言,是其自身居处及势力影响所及的空间和范围,各镇豪帅、镇民、部落实现联合的纽带。
[Abstract]:The six towns are the main social organization form of the north tribe, and implement the "Hu Hua" society of the military town system management. The town is the military, political and economic center of the six towns. The six towns, which dominate the social order of the six towns, are divided into two categories: one is the Liang Jia Hao Shuai, who is the core force who ruled the six towns in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and the other is the Liang Jiahao who holds the power of the army towns; the other is to take charge of the army and the source of the army. As conquerors moved to the six towns of the Kaoche and other northern tribes handsome. Liangjia Hao Shuai mostly came from the middle and lower levels of the Northern Wei ruling group, after moving into six towns, he has become the commander of the frontier land confined to the six towns. A series of Sinicization reforms, such as moving capital to Luoyang, did not reduce the political status of Liangjia Haoshuai's army, but it also made its group unable to join the ranks of the patriarchal clan by taking the rank of Guan Jue. For the majestic northern tribes, such as Gaocha, a few powerful forces in the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Sinicization reform meant a sharp decline in the political status of their groups in the Northern Wei Dynasty countries and military towns. The tribalization of six towns, "Hu Hua", militarization of the regional characteristics, make it impossible to change the state, on the contrary, it has become the military town system to maintain and strengthen the region. The township is the space and scope of its own residence and influence, and the joint ties among the handsome, the townspeople and the tribes.
【作者单位】：江苏师范大学历史学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金青年项目“5-6世纪北边六镇豪强酋帅社会地位演变研究”(项目编号:11CZS022)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：K239.21

【参考文献】