利玛窦与中国近代科学

发布时间：2018-08-25 07:28

【摘要】：西学东渐是中国近代史研究中的重要领域,也是中国近代科学和技术史研究中不能忽略的重要问题。近代西方科学技术最初是通过基督教会的传教士传入中国的,在中国经历了漫长而曲折的传播过程。利玛窦是西学东渐的第一人,第一个在中国成功打开中西文化交流的大门,也是第一个把西方科学和技术传入中国的人,开启了中国近代科学和技术的历史。利玛窦被誉为“主观上传教而客观传播西方科学技术文化的最显著代表”。目前学术界关于西学东渐和利玛窦的研究文献汗牛充栋,研究者对利玛窦的研究主要还是集中在他在对基督教的传播及其中西文化交流方面的贡献,从科学技术史的角度考察和研究利玛窦对中国近代科学的影响的文献较少,并且比较零散、还不够系统。本文试图从科学技术史的角度,通过对原始文献的阅读和对大量研究文献的梳理,厘清学术界不同认识,进一步系统考察利玛窦在中国的传教过程及其采取的策略,客观评价他对西方近代科学和技术的传播以及对中国近代科学的影响。论文分为四章。第一章是绪论,主要对本文问题的提出和国内外相关文献资料进行梳理综述和评价,厘清学术界不同认识,阐述论文的研究视角、方法、研究目的和意义。第二章从科学技术史、科学哲学和社会学的视角系统考察利玛窦在中国的传教过程,对其进行分期；概括总结了利玛窦采取的策略,即分析利玛窦规矩的内容、特征及其影响。第三章和第四章从数学、天文学和地理学等方面系统阐述利玛窦所进行的科学传播及其对中国近代科学的贡献和影响。
[Abstract]:The eastward development of western learning is an important field in the study of Chinese modern history, and it is also an important issue that can not be ignored in the study of the history of science and technology in modern China. Modern western science and technology was first introduced into China through the missionaries of the Christian Church, and experienced a long and tortuous process of spreading in China. Matteo Ricci was the first person to spread Western learning to the east, the first to successfully open the door of cultural exchanges between China and the West in China, and the first person to introduce western science and technology into China, opening up the history of modern Chinese science and technology. Matteo Ricci is known as "subjective preaching and objective dissemination of Western science and technology culture the most prominent representative." At present, academic literature on the spread of Western learning to the east and Matteo Ricci is full of research. The researcher's research on Ricci is mainly focused on his contribution to the spread of Christianity and the cultural exchanges between China and the West. From the point of view of the history of science and technology, the literature on the influence of Matteo Ricci on modern Chinese science is few and scattered, so it is not systematic enough. From the perspective of the history of science and technology, this paper attempts to clarify the different understanding of the academic circles by reading the original documents and combing a large number of research documents, and to further systematically investigate the missionary process of Matteo Ricci in China and its strategies. It objectively evaluates his influence on the spread of western modern science and technology as well as on Chinese modern science. The paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, mainly to the question of this paper and the domestic and foreign literature review and evaluation, clarify the different academic understanding, elaborate the research perspective, methods, research purposes and significance. The second chapter systematically studies Ricci's missionary process in China from the perspectives of history of science and technology, philosophy of science and sociology, and summarizes the strategies adopted by Matteo Ricci, that is, analyzing the content, characteristics and influence of the rules of Matteo Ricci. The third and fourth chapters systematically expound Matteo Ricci's contribution and influence to modern Chinese science from the aspects of mathematics, astronomy and geography.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K248

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