贾谊与西汉前期政治
发布时间：2018-09-17 16:56
【摘要】： 西汉前期的政治变动,始于社会思潮的影响,社会思潮促成了汉初统治思想与政策的一系列变动,而士人正是其中的参与者和推手。他们的思想及命运换个角度来说代表了汉初的政治走向。贾谊是汉初重要的政治家,也是士人的代表,其思想主张在汉初政治上占有很重要的地位。对于贾谊,前人已经有过很多深入的研究,这篇文章所要探讨的重点则在于贾谊思想主张中的三个方面:“改正朔、易服色”、“禁止私铸”、“众建诸侯而少其力”。这三个措施大体上概括了汉初的社会问题,皆体现出贾谊对于社会统一秩序的强调,这也正是儒家大一统思想的体现,都是为了巩固中央集权而提出的措施。然而这三个主张却牵涉到西汉前期的政治背景,文帝是在诸吕乱后由元老功臣们排斥了宗室的力量将他扶植上台的,势必要采取与吕后当政时期有所不同的统治思想和统治政策来安抚功臣和宗室,也就相应造成了汉家政治在文帝时的转变。贾谊的这些主张虽然有针对性,但会深深触犯到功臣和宗室双方的利益。这就和文帝的统治思想相矛盾,时势没有给予其主张实施的空间,其仕途不顺也就成为必然,他的命运其实也就代表着汉初士人的总体命运。文章就以贾谊这三个主张内容来论述西汉前期的政治状况,探讨形成这些问题的政治背景,阐发贾谊主张的针对性及可贵之处,论述贾谊主张而不被文帝所用的深层原因,并从一个侧面探讨贾谊作为士人代表与西汉前期政治之间的关系,以期对西汉前期政治变迁有新的认识。
[Abstract]:The political changes in the early Western Han Dynasty began with the influence of the social ideological trend, which led to a series of changes in the ruling ideology and policies of the early Han Dynasty, in which the scholars were the participants and the promoters. Their thinking and fate, in other words, represented the political trend of the early Han Dynasty. Jia Yi is an important politician and representative of scholars in the early Han Dynasty, and his thought holds a very important position in the politics of the early Han Dynasty. For Jia Yi, there have been many in-depth studies. The emphasis of this article lies in the three aspects of Jia Yi's thought and proposition: "correct and correct, change color", "prohibit private casting", "build princes with less strength". These three measures generally summarized the social problems in the early Han Dynasty, and all reflected Jia Yi's emphasis on the social unity order, which was also the embodiment of the Confucian unifying thought and the measures proposed to consolidate the centralization of power. However, these three propositions were related to the political background of the early Western Han Dynasty. After the chaos of Lu, Emperor Wen was promoted to power by the forces of the patriarchal clergy who rejected the patriarchal clan. It is inevitable to adopt different ruling thoughts and policies to appease the meritorious officials and clans, which resulted in the transformation of Han politics in the period of Emperor Wen. Although these ideas of Jia Yi are targeted, they will deeply offend the interests of both meritorious officers and clergy. This contradicted with the ruling thought of Emperor Wen, and the situation did not give him space to carry out his opinion, so it became inevitable that his official career was not good, and his fate actually represented the overall fate of the scholars in the early Han Dynasty. The article discusses the political situation in the early Western Han Dynasty with the content of Jia Yi's three propositions, probes into the political background of the formation of these problems, explains the pertinence and value of Jia Yi's proposition, and discusses the deep reasons why Jia Yi's proposition was not used by Emperor Wen. It also discusses the relationship between Jia Yi as a representative of the scholars and politics in the early Western Han Dynasty, in order to have a new understanding of the political changes in the early Western Han Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K234.1
[Abstract]:The political changes in the early Western Han Dynasty began with the influence of the social ideological trend, which led to a series of changes in the ruling ideology and policies of the early Han Dynasty, in which the scholars were the participants and the promoters. Their thinking and fate, in other words, represented the political trend of the early Han Dynasty. Jia Yi is an important politician and representative of scholars in the early Han Dynasty, and his thought holds a very important position in the politics of the early Han Dynasty. For Jia Yi, there have been many in-depth studies. The emphasis of this article lies in the three aspects of Jia Yi's thought and proposition: "correct and correct, change color", "prohibit private casting", "build princes with less strength". These three measures generally summarized the social problems in the early Han Dynasty, and all reflected Jia Yi's emphasis on the social unity order, which was also the embodiment of the Confucian unifying thought and the measures proposed to consolidate the centralization of power. However, these three propositions were related to the political background of the early Western Han Dynasty. After the chaos of Lu, Emperor Wen was promoted to power by the forces of the patriarchal clergy who rejected the patriarchal clan. It is inevitable to adopt different ruling thoughts and policies to appease the meritorious officials and clans, which resulted in the transformation of Han politics in the period of Emperor Wen. Although these ideas of Jia Yi are targeted, they will deeply offend the interests of both meritorious officers and clergy. This contradicted with the ruling thought of Emperor Wen, and the situation did not give him space to carry out his opinion, so it became inevitable that his official career was not good, and his fate actually represented the overall fate of the scholars in the early Han Dynasty. The article discusses the political situation in the early Western Han Dynasty with the content of Jia Yi's three propositions, probes into the political background of the formation of these problems, explains the pertinence and value of Jia Yi's proposition, and discusses the deep reasons why Jia Yi's proposition was not used by Emperor Wen. It also discusses the relationship between Jia Yi as a representative of the scholars and politics in the early Western Han Dynasty, in order to have a new understanding of the political changes in the early Western Han Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K234.1
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