明清时期郑州地区水环境变迁研究
发布时间：2018-12-18 17:27
【摘要】： 明清时期,郑州地区的水环境与今日相比,其河流众多,且流量丰富,沟渠纵横。由于人为因素与自然因素的影响,一些河流的流路发生了变迁,代表性的有黄河南移、汴河消亡、贾鲁河西移。黄河的频繁决口与泛滥是这些河流变迁的直接原因。 明清时期,郑州地区的贾鲁河、洛河等河流都可行船,足见当时河水流量的巨大。当时,郑州地区水旱灾害频发。水旱灾害的发生具有时间、地域分异的共同特征,也具有各自的特点。水灾多发在降水集中的夏秋季节,且平原区多于山地丘陵区；旱灾则多发生在冬春和初夏,同样是平原区多于山地丘陵区。特大旱灾的发生还具有近似22年的周期特点,与太阳黑子活动的爆发具有相同的周期。 明清时期郑州地区人水关系主要表现在人们抗御水灾,当时尚不存在水资源短缺的矛盾。人水关系的和谐就在于兴水利,除水害。通过开挖沟渠、修筑堤防的方式来改变周围不利的水环境,被证明是行之有效的方法。开挖沟渠既收灌溉之利,又能分杀水势,缓解水患的危害。
[Abstract]:During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the water environment of Zhengzhou area compared with today, its rivers are numerous, the discharge is abundant, the ditch is vertical and horizontal. Due to the influence of human factors and natural factors, the flow paths of some rivers have changed, such as the southward movement of the Yellow River, the demise of the Bianhe River and the westward migration of the Jaru River. The frequent crevasse and flooding of the Yellow River are the direct causes of these river vicissitude. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the rivers of Zhengzhou, such as the Jaru River and the Luohe River, were able to sail, which showed the huge discharge of the river at that time. At that time, Zhengzhou area flood and drought disasters occurred frequently. The occurrence of flood and drought disasters has the common characteristics of time and regional differentiation, and also has their own characteristics. Most floods occurred in the summer and autumn seasons with concentrated precipitation, and more in the plain than in the hilly areas, while drought occurred mostly in winter, spring and early summer, and it was also more in the plain than in the hilly areas. The occurrence of severe drought also has the characteristics of 22 years' cycle, which is the same as that of sunspot activity. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the relationship between people and water in Zhengzhou area was mainly manifested in people resisting floods, but there was no contradiction of water resources shortage at that time. The harmony between man and water lies in developing water conservancy and eliminating water damage. It is proved to be an effective method to change the unfavorable water environment by digging ditches and building dikes. Digging ditches not only benefits from irrigation, but also reduces the harm of flood.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K248
本文编号：2386222
[Abstract]:During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the water environment of Zhengzhou area compared with today, its rivers are numerous, the discharge is abundant, the ditch is vertical and horizontal. Due to the influence of human factors and natural factors, the flow paths of some rivers have changed, such as the southward movement of the Yellow River, the demise of the Bianhe River and the westward migration of the Jaru River. The frequent crevasse and flooding of the Yellow River are the direct causes of these river vicissitude. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the rivers of Zhengzhou, such as the Jaru River and the Luohe River, were able to sail, which showed the huge discharge of the river at that time. At that time, Zhengzhou area flood and drought disasters occurred frequently. The occurrence of flood and drought disasters has the common characteristics of time and regional differentiation, and also has their own characteristics. Most floods occurred in the summer and autumn seasons with concentrated precipitation, and more in the plain than in the hilly areas, while drought occurred mostly in winter, spring and early summer, and it was also more in the plain than in the hilly areas. The occurrence of severe drought also has the characteristics of 22 years' cycle, which is the same as that of sunspot activity. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the relationship between people and water in Zhengzhou area was mainly manifested in people resisting floods, but there was no contradiction of water resources shortage at that time. The harmony between man and water lies in developing water conservancy and eliminating water damage. It is proved to be an effective method to change the unfavorable water environment by digging ditches and building dikes. Digging ditches not only benefits from irrigation, but also reduces the harm of flood.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K248
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 甘海根;明代江西的水灾及应对机制研究[D];江西师范大学;2012年
，本文编号：2386222
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